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Introduction
Globalisation,asasocialphenomenonhasbeenthesubjectofresearchof
socialsciencesforthelastseveraldozenyears.Thebestwaytopresenttheirresults
isascientifictheorywhichbecomesaninterpretationofthephenomenaoccurringin
theworld.Weareabletodefinewhatascientifictheoryisandwhatconditionsithas
tomeetinordertoberecognized.Wecannotforcesocialscientiststomeetthese
requirementswhiledescribingsocialphenomena,includingglobalisation.Whether
welikeitornot,weareobligedtoqualifyothertheoriestothescientifictheoryof
globalisationdespitethefactthattheyreallyhavelittleincommonwithitanddo
notfulfilallthetheoreticalrequirements.
Often,however,itisnotclear,whatglobalisationactuallymeans.Itisan
interdisciplinaryconceptunderstooddifferentlyindifferentfieldsofscience.From
thepointofviewofeconomists,globalisationisaneconomicexpansionthat
contributedtoeconomicgrowthandindependenceofnationsandwhichintensified
integrationamongthem.Inpolitics,globalisationstrengthensinternationalcontacts.
Inculture,itisperceivedasglobalcommunicationandstandardizationofcultural
patterns,coveringtheentireworld,leadingtoawidely-understoodstandardization.
Inthissense,wehavetodealwith,amongothers,thephenomenaofCoca-
colonisationandMcDonaldisation.Sociologistsconsidersocialglobalisationas
aprocessinwhichgeographicbarriers,asaresultofsocialandcultural
arrangements,losetheirimportancewiththesimultaneousincreaseofpublic
awareness.
Theprocessofglobalisationtakesplacesynchronouslyinthefieldsof
economy,cultureandpolitics.Globalisationprocessesarecloselyrelatedinall
abovementionedspheres.However,itseemsthattheeconomicchangesoverthe
centuriesgavetheimpulsetothedevelopmentofthisphenomenon.
Globalisation,asaneconomicprocess,raisesgrowinginterestamong
theoreticiansandpractitioners,butmoreandmoreoften,itaffectsthelivesof
particulargroupsandindividualsinsociety.Ifwetreatglobalisationasaprocessof
internationalizationofeconomicrelationsand,consequently,popularizationoffree
movementofgoods,services,capitalandlaboronthetransnationalscale,then,there
isnothingspecificandnewinit.Therefore,anurgentneedappearsforascientific
analysisofthephenomenonknownasglobalisation,resultingnotonlyfromapure
academicnature,butalsofromanattempttosolvethesocio-economicproblemsof
theworldoftoday.Thestartingpointforsuchascientificexplorationisan
assumptionthatthesocio-economicrealityisnotachaosandthatthedevelopment
oftheworldissubjecttocertainregularities.Theseregularitiesmaybedistinguished
fromtheapparentchaosintheformofanoperatingmodel.Thismodel,ifproperly
quantitativelyandqualitativelyconstructed,shouldgivethepossibilitytoprogram
differentdevelopmentoptions.Intheeraofastateinterventionismtheeconomic
policy,withoutsuchatool,cannotbereasonablyimplemented.Itmayevenbring
irreparablelosses.
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