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Participationincultureinselected
countriesofCentralandEasternEurope
comparedwithotherEuropeancountries
trendsanddirectionsofchange
MagdalenaSobocińska
Introduction
CentralandEasternEuropeanditsconstituentcountriesarevariously
defined.Inmanydefinitionsoftheregiongeographyisnottheonlyfactor.
Politicsandpoliticalsystemaretakenintoaccountaswell.Insomedefinitions
itisassumedthatCentralandEasternEuropeancountriesarethosethatjoined
theEuropeanUniononthe1
stofMay2004.InmostcasesthelistofCentral
andEasternEuropeancountriescontainsPoland,theCzechRepublic,Slovakia,
Slovenia,Hungary,Latvia,Lithuania,Estonia,UkraineandRussia.Thesecoun-
triesdiffernotonlyinarea,butalsoinpopulation,itsagestructure,education,
technologicaladvancement,economicpotential,livingstandardsandcon-
sumptionstructure.
Itshouldbestressedthatthechangeswhichareunderwayinthemarket
andinconsumptionpatternsarethebasisofadaptiveprocessestriggeredbyme-
chanismsoftheEuropeanUniondevelopment.Identificationofconsumption
trends,includingconsumptionofculture,helpsfinddifferencesbetweencoun-
triesandthedistancebetweenthemandtheolderUnionmembers,aswell
asbetweenthemandcountriesaspiringtobecomemembers.
Premisesforresearchingthesubjectofparticipationincultureinclude
theroleofcultureinthepsycho-socialdevelopmentofanindividualshould
bestressed,aswellastheimportantroleofcultureinthesocio-economic
developmentofthecountry.Theneedtomonitorchangesincultureparti-
cipationalsoresultsfromthefactthatpeopleresponsibleformanagingcultural
institutionshavebecomeinterestedinimplementingmodernmanagingcon-
cepts,includingcustomerorientation.Thiscallsforincreasingtheform