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AdelaBarabasz,GrzegorzBełz
inpartofsubordinatestheycanarouseadmirationandalsojealousyorenvy.
Anarcissisticmanagermayunconsciouslycreatefavorableconditionsforcoteries,
groupsandcliques,avoidingoneanotherorfightingwithoneanother,oftentryingto
winthesuperior’sfavorandidealizingthem[Barabasz2004,pp.167-173].
4.4.Theconceptofmanagerialtriumvirate
Asfollowsfromthecharacteristicspresentedearlier,allthoseroleshavetheirown
characteristicfeaturesandaimstheyserveinthefunctioningofanorganization.
Itcanbealsopointedthatthereismorethanoneroleexistingintensivelyatone
timeinanorganization.Theconceptofthetriumviratephenomenonisactually
basedontheassumptionthattoensurethesurvivalanddevelopmentofacompany,
everyroleshouldbefulfilledtoanextentproperforthestrategicchallengeswhich
agivenorganizationfaces[Bełz2011].Itagreeswiththeaforementionedbeliefs
inthesenseofCzarniawska-JoergesandWolff[1991,p.531],whopointoutthat
thethreediscussedrolesarecomplementary,meaningthattheyrespondtodifferent
needsandfearsofcollectiveunconsciousness.AlsoMayoandNohria[2005,p.48],
intheirresearchonthemanagementandleadershipinAmericancompaniesin
20thcentury,distinguishedthreearchetypesofexecutiverolesofanentrepreneur,
leaderandmanager.Althoughtheyfocusedonchangesinthematterofmanagement
andleadershipinthesuccessiveperiodsofthepastcentury,identifyingleading/
dominatingroles;theyfoundallthearchetypesco-existingandomnipresentinall
thosedecades.Allofthem,intheiropinion,wereessentialforsustainingvitalityof
Americaneconomy.Entrepreneurswerefoundingnewcompanies,managerswere
developingandoptimizingthemandleadersweretransformingthematcritical
moments.
Theconceptofthetriumvirateofrolesassumesthatineveryorganization,the
executiveprocessesarerealizedthroughthreeroles:entrepreneurial,leadership
andmanagerial(administrative).Everyroleisadisparateprofileofexecutive
actions,concentratingondifferenttasks,essentialtothesurvival,functioningand
developmentofacompany[Bełz2011].TheyarepresentedinTable1.
Theintensityoftheoccurrenceoftheserolesderivesfrombothinternalsources,
lyingonthesideofthemanagement,andexternaltothemaswell.Theinternal
sourcesoftheintensityoftriumviraterolesarethefeaturesandcompetencesof
peoplemainlyonkeyexecutivepositions.Theexternalsourcesoftheintensityof
rolesaredifferentforeveryroleandcanbelocatedbothinthesurroundingsandinside
anorganization.Itshouldbestressedthateachmanagercanpresentfeaturesofmore
thanoneroleinhisorheractions.Theresultantintensityandsaturationofagiven
roleinacompanymaybeadiagnosticandcomparativecriterionforcompanies,
inagivenbusinesssector,andthiscanserveassumptionsontheinfluenceofthe
potentialoftheexistingrolestriumvirateontheircapabilitytorenewanddevelop
[Bełz2011].