Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
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EugeniaMandal,AgnieszkaGawor,JacekBuczny
giventheirquestionnairesinadiferentorder,thussomepeoplewere
firstaskedtodescribewomen,othersstartedwithmen.
Theuseoffree,uncontrolleddescriptionsinthestudyisjustified
astheyhaveanadvantageoverreadylistsoftraitstowhichthepar-
ticipantsneedtoassumeanopinion.Eventhoughthelatterformdoes
provideananswertothequestionofwhichtraitsdistinguishbothgen-
ders,itdoesnotmakeitpossibletogenerateanoverallimageofman
orwoman.Amoregeneralimagecanbeobtainedwhentheparticipants
areabletodescribemembersofbothsexesinan“uncontrolled”manner
andusingtheirownwords(cf.EaglyandWood,1991;Miluska,1996;
Mandal,2000).
Results
Uncontrolledfreedescriptionsbroughtalistof147expressionscon-
cerningwomen’sappearance,256typicalwoman’sprofessions,210typi-
calwoman’sroles.Similarly,alistof54expressionsreferringtoman’s
appearance,64typicalman’sprofessionsand79rolestypicalforthe
Polishmanwereobtained.Basedontheseexpressions,properlistswere
created.These,inturn,wereinitiallycomprisedofthemostfrequently
usedexpressionsinthefreedescriptions.
Thenextstepwastoleaveoutoneofseveralrepeating,similaror
synonymoustermsandremovingunclearexpressions,i.e.thosenotcon-
necteddirectlywithwomenorwithmen(e.g.“disgruntledface”).The
finalstepwasaddingstereotypecontents,i.e.appearance,professions
androlestypicalformenandwomen,derivedintheAmericanstud-
iesbyDeauxandLewis(1984),toeachlist.Thus,theproperlistson
whichmeasurementswereconductedinthesecondstagewerecreated.
Duetotheadoptedprocedurethelistsdiferedinlength.Inrelationto
thewomanstereotypetheappearancetraitlistconsistedof35items,
roles—29items,andprofessions—36items.Inrelationtothemanste-
reotypetheappearancetraitlistconsistedof44items,roles—33items,
andprofessions—48items.Thelistscreatedinthismannerwereused
inmeasurementsduringthesecondstage(Study2).
