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1.Introduction
and-Dumb,whichwasestablishedinWarsawin1883andoperateduntil
1939.AfertheSecondWorldWar,itsactivitywasreactivatedin1945.In
1946,attheCongressofAssociationsoftheDeaf-and-Dumb,oneorgani-
zationwasfoundedunderthenameofthePolishAssociationoftheDeaf-
and-DumbandTeirFriends,whichwasfinallyrenamedthePolishAsso-
ciationoftheDeafin1955.Currently,theAssociationhas16province
branchesinPolandandabout105localcentres,clubs,andworkshopsfor
deafandhard-of-hearingpeople.
1.2.Deafsports
TeInternationalFederationofAssociationFootball(FIFA)unites
211maleand177femalenationalsportsfederationsfromallovertheworld
[FIFAmen)sranking;FIFAwomen)sranking].In2009,approximately
265millionmaleandfemalecompetitorsplayedfootballinsportsclubs,
whichmakesfootballthemostpopularteamsportintheworld.Itisthere-
forenotsurprisingthatpeoplewithdisabilities,includingthedeafand
eventheblind,havealsodevelopedtheirownsportsclubs,associations,
andorganisationsatnationalandinternationallevels.
Tefinancialexpenditureondeafsportsisincomparablylowerthan
thatonhearingsports.Intheperiodof2013-2015,thePolishDeafSports
AssociationusedEUR4.29millionofthesubsidygrantedbytheMinistry
ofSportandTourism[FinansowaniePZSNwlatach2013-2015].Teobsta-
clestothedevelopmentofdeafsportsincludenotonlytheverbalcommu-
nicationbarrier,butalsoproblemswiththesportsinfrastructureandcoor-
dinationofthetrainingsysteminclubs.Inaddition,thenumberofclubs
doesnotsatisfythetotaldemandofthedeafcommunityintheareaof
organizedphysicalactivity.
TefirstinternationalsportingeventfordeafpeoplewastheInter-
nationalSilentGames,heldin1924inParis,with148athletes(including
1woman)participatingfrom9countries:France,Belgium,GreatBritain,the
Netherlands,Hungary,Italy,Poland,Romania,andCzechoslovakia.Tere
werecompetitionsin7sportsdisciplines.Tetournamentwasdominated
byFrenchathletes,whowon48medals,including22gold,16silver,and
10bronzeones.TePolishnationalteamwasawarded1silvermedal.Inthe
