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Opinion&Analysis
Daytonatdeath’sdoor,ChristopherBennett
andhavegenerallydoneverywell.Andlong-sufferingBosnianshavebeengrate-
fulthattheircountryisnotatwar,as,nomatterhowgrimtoday’ssituation,itis
incomparablybetterthanithadbeenbetween1992and1995,orwouldbeinthe
eventofareturntohostilities.
Aroundthe10thanniversaryofthesigning
rivalethno-nationalelites
BosniaandHerzegovina’s
oftheDaytonPeaceAgreement,thepeaceproc-
essappearedtobeprogressingsmoothly.Te
numberofsecurityincidentswasminimaland
continuetopursuethesame
declining,mostindictedwarcriminals,though
goalstheydidduringthewar,
notthemostnotorious,hadbeenapprehended
albeitusingdifferenttactics.
andreformprocesses,mostnotablyinthefields
oftaxation,securityanddefence,hadhelped
createamorefunctionalstate.Inaddition,the
globaleconomyhadbeenperformingwellformanyyears,whichcontributedto
robustgrowthratesinBosniaandHerzegovina.
Atthesametime,theEUwasdevelopingitsforeign-and-security-policytools,
steadilytakingonanever-greaterrole,includingdeployingapolicemissionin
January2003insuccessiontotheUnitedNationsInternationalPeaceTaskForce
andtakingresponsibilityfromNATOforasafeandsecureenvironment,with
thedeploymentofEUFORinDecember2004.LordPaddyAshdown,thefourth
HighRepresentativefromMay2002,wasdouble-hattedasthefirstEUSpecial
RepresentativetaskedwithtakingforwardBosniaandHerzegovina’srelationship
withtheEU.Teeurohadbeenintroducedin12EUcountriesinJanuary2002
andtheEuropeanUnionexpandedinMay2004tobringintennewmembers,
eightofwhichwereformercommunistcountriesfromCentralandEasternEu-
rope.TeEUwasonarollanditseemedthataneweraofcontinent-widepeace
andprosperitywasdawning.
FromDaytontoBrussels
Fromthevantagepointof2017,thesituationappearsverydifferent.TeEuro-
peaneconomyhasnowbeensluggishforalmostadecade–inpartasaresultof
theeurozonecrisis.Andthejuryisoutonthesuccessofearlierroundsofenlarge-
ment.Moreover,theEUisreelingfromthepotentialfalloutofBrexit.Irrespective
oftheEU’swidertrialsandtribulations,however,thetoolsdeployedinBiHhave
clearlybeeninappropriate.Inessence,theEUadoptedthesameapproachasin
the2004roundofenlargementandBosniaandHerzegovinahasbeentreatedlike
anyotheraspirantcountry,ratherthanacountryemergingfromwar.Mechanisms
