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ABSTRACT
Theapplicationofsteelwithabainiticstructuretomanufacturerailscanimprove
theirproperties,whicharenecessaryforworkingunderspecificconditionsofrail-
roadloadsandcontributetotheirdurabilityandinvariabilityofqualityparameters
duringtheprocess.Thesespecificpropertiesmustbemaintainedundervarying
climaticconditionsandindependentoftheplaceofapplication,curveradius,
loadsandthetypeofcarriedload.Themainapplicationsforrailswithextended
lifearecurvesandtracksectionssubjectedtoheavyloads,whererailswearout
veryquickly.Therangeoftheiruseislimitedduetoeconomicaspectssince
theirproductionsignificantlyincreasesthecostsincurredduringtheirmanufac-
ture.Moderntechnologicalsolutionsinrailtransportarisebytheneedtoproduce
betterrailparametersanduniversalapplicability(e.g.,tramrails).Steelswith
abainiticstructurecanmeettheseconditionsafterappropriatelyselectedtechno-
logicaltreatmentsleadtocreatingultrafinephases.Thesephasesarecharacterized
byacomplexanddiversemorphologicalstructureformedduetoincompleteaus-
tenitetransformation.Thispaperexaminedoneoftheexperimentalsteel,which
wascreatedwithintheframeworkoftheprojectentitled:“Hybridtechnologyfor
theproductionofnormal-gaugerailswithincreasedservicelifetakingintoac-
countfuturetrendsinthedevelopmentofrailtransport”,whoseleaderwasthe
InstituteofFerrousMetallurgyinGliwice.Theco-leaderwastheWarsawUniver-
sityofTechnology.Therailsteelwasinvestigatedthroughmicrostructureanaly-
sis,X-raydiffraction,low-cyclefatigue,andwearresistance.Thisresearchaimed
todevelopstructuralcharacteristicsandtheirinfluenceonthematerial’sbehavior
duringvaryingloads.Theissuesdescribedinthepaperrepresentonlyasmallpart
oftheanalysesthatwerecarriedoutforthisnewrailsteel.Theobtainedresults
havebeencomparedwithcommerciallyusedrailsteelwithapearliticstructure,
R260,toimprovethebetterpropertiesofbainiticsteel.Toconfirmthehypothesis
thatthedevelopedbainiticsteelcanbecompetitivewiththecurrentlyusedpearl-
iticsteels,therailsmadefromthebainiticsteelweresubjectedtomicrostructural
observations.Additionally,thechangestakingplaceinthissteelaftertwoyearsof
exploitationinanindustrialtrackweredescribed.Theresultsconfirmedthatthe
two-yearuseoftheraildidnotaffectsignificantpropertychanges.Initialchanges
inthematerial’sstructure,relatedtothetransformationofretainedausteniteinto
martensiteduringthedeformationprocess,wereobserved.
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