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GerardHughes
valueofthefundbyCornmarketGroupforanAVCforateacherishigherthanthe
annualchargeforastandardPRSA,thesourceoftheinformationforthisgroup,
Brady(2001a),pointedoutthattheywerecharging“atthetopendofwhatisnor-
malpracticeinthepensionsbusiness”.ChargesforastandardPRSAwerealso
higherthanchargesforaStakeholderPensionintheUKwhichwasintroducedin
2001twoyearsearlierthanthePRSA.TheonlychargeforaStakeholderPension
wasthe1percentannualmanagementfee
3.PRSAchargesarealsohigherthanthe
revisedmaximumchargesimposedin2010inHungaryonmandatoryandvolun-
taryprivatepensioninvestmentaccountsandonmandatoryaccountsinPolandin
2012.ThedeductionsfromcontributionsinIrelandarenearly40percentgreater
thaninPolandwhiletheannualmanagementfeesaretwo-thirdsgreater.Bothsets
ofchargesarefivetimesgreaterinIrelandthaninHungary.
WhydidthestandardPRSAturnouttobeahighercostproductthanenvisaged
bythePensionsBoard?Themainreasonappearstobethatthepensionproviders
werenotpreparedtoofferaPRSAatamuchlowercostthantheypreviously
chargedforapersonalpensionandtheywereabletoinsistonthisbecausethegov-
ernmentwasnotwillingtoofferthePRSAproductwithouttheirco-operation.
Duringthenegotiationsbetweenpensionprovidersandthegovernmentonthe
termsandconditionswhichwouldbeattachedtothenewPRSAproduct,financial
journalistsdiscoveredfromtheirownsourcesthattheproviderswereopposedto
akite-markedproductandthattheywereopposedtoanycapontheircharges.For
example,Kirby(2001)reportedinBusinessandFinancemagazinethat:
“Thepensioncompanieslobbiedhardagainstakite-markoramaxi-
mumcharge(theycertainlydidn’twantanythinglikethetotal1%
limitimposedonStakeholder,theUKversionofthePRSA)”.
Whatemergedeventuallyfromthenegotiationswasacompromiseunderwhich
theproviderswouldofferastandardPRSAwithchargesgenerallyhigherthanwas
usualforpreviouspersonalpensionproductsandnon-standardPRSAswhichal-
lowedtheproviderstolevyhigherchargesthanpreviouspersonalpensionprod-
ucts.InthesamearticleKirby(2001)wentontopointoutthat:
“Thenon-standardPRSAiscertainlyacompromise-awayforthe
pensioncompanies(whohavehadthismarkettothemselvesupto
now)toearnhighermarginsandtorewardtheircommission-paid
brokers”.
Subsequently,anotherjournalist,(Brady2001b)investigatingthenegotiations
betweenpensionprovidersandthegovernmentfoundaletterundertheFreedomof
InformationActfromtheIrishInsuranceFederationwhichwarnedthat:
3In2005theannualmanagementfeeforStakeholderPensionwasincreasedto1.5per
centforthefirsttenyearsafterwhichitfallsbackto1percent.