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Introducion
state.Takingintoaccountthecurrentrealitiesandanticipatedfactorsthatmay
affectinthefuture,thistrendshouldbemaintained.Theverificationofthe
indicatedhypothesiswillbemadeonthebasisofthefollowingchapters.
Movingontothedefinitionofkeyterms,itshouldbenotedthat“Civic
participationisaprocesswherebymembersofthepublicgaininfluenceand,
indirectly,controloverthedecisionsofpublicauthorities,wheresuchdecisions
haveadirectorindirectimpactontheirowninterests”6.
Civicparticipationmaytakevariousforms,dependingonthedegreeof
citizens’involvementinthedecisions.Startingfrominforming,i.e.providing
informationtocitizensaboutdecisionsthatconcernthem,throughconsulting,
duringwhichtheauthoritiescreatetheopportunitytocommentonfuture
actions,toco-decisionconsistingindelegatingtocitizensthecompetences
regardingtakingcertainactionsanddecisions.Decisionsinthefollowingareas
aremadewithcivicparticipation:spatialplanning,communication,ecology,
safety,visionandfutureandsocialproblems.
Oneofthegroupsinvolvedintheprocessofcivicparticipationisyouth.The
term“youth”referstoasocialcategoryofpeopledefinedbytheagecriterion.
AccordingtoStefanBaley,itconsistsofindividualsbetween13and20years
ofage.MieczysławKreutz,ontheotherhand,statesthatyouthistheperiod
between11and21yearsofage,whileintheopinionofMariaŻebrowska
itisthetimebetween12and18yearsofage.MieczysławMarkiewiczdefines
youthasindividualsaged15to297.Adifferentagecriterionwaspresentedin
theEuropeanCommissionprogramme“YouthinAction2007-2013”aimedat
individualsaged13-308.
Youthparticipationcanbeexpressedinactivities:
1)inthepublicsphereasyouthcouncils,youthparliaments,schoolcouncils,
youthadvisorypanels,leadershipofyouthorganisationsorgroups;voting;
standingforelection,organisationalorinstitutionalpanelorcommitteeand
formalconsultations;
2)inthesocialsphere(formalorinformalstructurescreatedoutsideof
formalpoliticalororganisationalstructures):theseincludecivilsociety
organisations,socialorculturalgroups,localservicesorprojects,social
movements,grassrootscampaigns,housingassociations,faithgroups,
informalnetworks,identityorinterestsgroups;
6B.Sadowska,M.Szaja,J.Włodarek,Partycypacjaspołecznawehikułemrozwojulokalne-
go,StudiaiRozprawyt.1048,Szczecin2019,s.7.
7A.Chodubski,Młodzieżjakoprzedmiotipodmiotżyciapublicznego[w:]PolitykaMło-
dzieżowaUniiEuropejskiej,podred.M.Boryń,B.Duraj,S.Mrozowska.Toruń2014,s.9-110;
W.Pawliczuk,ThedefinitionsofthetermHyouth”.Areviewofconceptions,nPostępyNauk
Medycznych”2000,nr6,s.311-315
8YouthinAction,http://stara.pzn.org.pl/pl/dzialania-projekty/65-europejski-program-mlo-
dziez-w-dzialaniu/304-program-mlodziez-w-dzialaniu-2007-2013.html[accessed:01.06.2019].
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