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researchonthisissue(suchasthetrolleyproblemexperiments,
neuropathologies,andthedataderivedfrompsychopathy)leadsto
theconclusionthat,despiteonlyfragmentaryunderstandingof
neuralsubstratesofmoralbehaviour,oneshouldacknowledgethat
theneurobiologyofmora​lityisnolongeranabstraction.
ThegoalofBramT.HeereboutandR.HansPhaf’spaper
BehavioralBenefitsandNeuralCostsinSimulatedEvolutionisto
substantiatetheclaimthattimeconstraintsimposedonthebrain
playanessentialroleinbehaviour,andcanexplainactionsthat
intuitivelyseemmaladaptive.First,theyarguethatcomputational
modellingmethodsprovideinsightswhichovercomeshortcomings
oftheoreticalevolutionarypsychology.Inthesubsequentpartofthe
paper,HeereboutandPhafarguethatevolutionarysimulationsbased
onthesemethodsshowthataffectiveprocessesmaybemaladaptive,
butonthewholetheyendowtheorganismwithfitness-enhancing
capabilities.
Inthelastpaperofthevolume,On(Un)HappinessFromthe
ViewpointofEvolutionaryTheoryandNeuroscience,Wojciech
Załuskicollectsinsightspertainingtotheproblemofhappinessthat
comefromphilosophy,evolutionarytheoryandneuroscience.
Załuskidistinguishesbetweenthreetypesofquestionsrelatedto
happiness:theconceptual(whatishappiness?),theempirical(what
aretheconditionsofhappiness?),andtheaxiological(canhappiness
beanethicalideal?).Hearguesthatevolutionarytheoryand
neurosciencecanprovideuswithinsightsonlyinregardtothe
empiricalquestion,theothertwoquestionsremainingbeyondthe
limitsofscientificexplanation.
Thepaperscollectedinthisvolumehavebeenwrittenwithinthe
researchprojectTheLimitsofScientificExplanation,carriedoutat
theCopernicusCenterforInterdisciplinaryStudiesinKrakówand
sponsoredbytheJohnTempletonFoundation.
JerzyStelmach