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lishedbetweenthesedisciplines.Onthecontrary,theimpossibil-
ityofmakingsuchadivisionisoftenemphasized.Distinguishing
amongphilosophyoflaw,jurisprudence,andthetheoryoflaw
dependsonwhetherwearemovingwithinContinentalEurope-
anlegalcultureorcommonlaw.Inthelattercase,thephilosophy
oflawisoftenjuxtaposedtoaspecificallyAnglo-Saxonjurispru-
dence.Itistellingthattheinternetencyclopediapreparedbythe
InternationalAssociationforLegalandSocialPhilosophy(Inter-
nationaleVereinigungfürRechts-undSozialphilosophie-IVR),and
thusbytherepresentativesofavarietyoflegalcultures,contains
alltheseconceptswithinitsverytitle.
Atpresent,wecanseetheemergenceofatendencynottoward
thedivision,butrathertowardthecombinationofphilosophy
andtheoryoflaw.Suchastep,however,requirestheadoption
ofcertainspecificmethodologicalassumptions.Forexample,
apropositionhasrecentlybeenmadethatdrawsontheKantian
divisionbetweentheoreticalreasonandpracticalreason,which
fulfilldińerentcognitivefunctions.Inthissense,thephilosophy
oflawincorporates,ononehand,thetheoryoflaw(theoretical
reasoningthatanalyzes,generalizes,andsystematizes),and,on
theother,theethicsofthelaw(practicalcriticalreason).Tosim-
plify,onecan,thus,saythatthetheoryoflawinthissensegen-
eralizesandsystematizeslawasitis;inturn,theethicsofthelaw
criticizesthelawbyreferringtothelawasitshouldbefromthe
pointofviewofacertainidealofthelaw.Inanotherformulation,
itisproposedthatoneoperateswiththeconceptofthephiloso-
phyofthelawinthebroadestpossiblemeaningasareection
ontheessenceofthelaw,onmethodsoflegalresearchandin-
terpretation,andonthevaluesboundupwiththelaw.Thisfor-
mulationembracesthephilosophyofthelawinanarrowsense,
alongwithjurisprudence,andthetheoryoflaw.
Accordingtocontemporaryunderstandings,ifonewishesto
constructadefinitionofthephilosophyoflaw,onemustrecog-
nizethatthegenusproximumisconstitutedbyphilosophy,while
thedifierentiaspecificaisconstitutedbylaw.Thus,thephiloso-
phyoflaw,likephilosophyingeneral,referstoontology,episte-
mology,andethics,andtakestheformofreectionreferringto
thelawofanormative(critical),analytic(general),andholistic
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PARTI.METHODOLOGY