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TebeadworkshopatsiteMPS4,MilPlain,Azerbaijan...
CAUCASUS
aquantityofshellfragmentstogether
withmicrolithicflintartifactsinthefloor
layers.Dry-sievingoftheexcavatedsoil
througha3mmmeshresultedinatenfold
increaseinshellandflintartifacts—
altogethermorethan3700pieces—inthe
followingcampaign.Shellfragmentsand
microlithicflintartifactswerefoundalso
inthefillofthehouse-pit.Floorlayersin
theremainingwesternhalfofthehouse-pit
wereexcavatedina50cmby50cmgrid
systeminordertostudyspatialdistribution.
Aspatialandstratigraphicanalysisofbead
workshop-relatedmicroartifactshasledto
severalobservationsconcerningthespatial
andtemporaluseoftheroundstructure
forbeadmanufacture.
Quantitiesofshellfragmentsand
microlithicsoccurredinallthefloor
layers.Beadmakingwasapparentlynot
asingularevent,butwasrathercarried
outinthesameplaceoveralongtime
span.Micromorphologicalanalysisof
floorsequences(Lyonnetetalii2012:
35-36)revealedfrequentreplasteringthat
pointedtoamulti-annualuseoftheround
structure.Largerdensitiesofartifacts
relatedtobead-workinginthesecond
andthirdfloorsequencesindicatedan
intensificationofbeadproductioninthe
middledwellingphase.
Somesimilaritiescouldbeobserved
inthehorizontaldistributionofshell
fragmentsandmicrolithsthroughoutall
fourfloor-layersequences,whereuponthe
largestartifactdensitieswerelocatedin
themiddleandnorthernareaoftheround
building.Tisdistributionindicatesthat
thespecificplaceofmanufacturewasnot
movedconsiderablyduringtheoccupation
ofthebuilding.Tepiséplatformrevealed
ontopoftheupperlayerinthisareacould
alsohavebeenusedformanufacturing
purposes,asthereisanincreasedamount
ofshellandlithicdebrisembeddedinthe
floorlayeraroundit.
Tespatialdistributionofshell
fragmentscoincidedmoreorlesswith
thedistributionofdebrisofflinttool
manufacture,suggestingthatbothbead
andtoolproductionwerecarriedoutinthe
sameworkingarea.
CHAÎNESOPERATOIRES
OFSHELLBEADPRODUCTION
Tetotalamountofshellfragments
retrievedfromtheroundstructureis3766.
Alltheshellareofasinglespeciesofthe
Didacnagenus,eitherD.pyramidataor
D.praetrigonoides(T.Yanina,Moscow
StateUniversity,personalcomunication)
[Fig.3],amarineshellinhabitingthe
CaspianSea.Tefinishedbeadsconsti-
tutedonly0.5%ofthetotalamount
ofshellobjects[Fig.5].Terewere
about3%preservedblanksadditionally,
whileunretouchedblanksalsoinclud-
edroughoutsasapre-stadiumform.
25
PAM23/2:SpecialStudies
About20%oftheshellartifactsshowed
manufacturingfailures(blanksbroken
whileretouching,drillingandpolishing).
Wastematerialwasthemostnumerous
intherecord.
Basedonastudyofworkingtraceson
unfinishedshellbeadsandmanufacturing
failures,fourmajorstepsweredistin-
guished
intheproductionprocess.
Teseare:1-chippingtheshell,2-
producingthebeadblank,3-perforation
bydrilling,and4-grindingtheedges
[Fig.4].
