Treść książki
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24GrietRoets,RudiRoose,JohanVandenbussche,TinekeSchiettecat,MichelVandenbroeck
Uniqueisitscompositionbasedonrepresentativesofthedifferentgovern-
ments,peopleexperiencingpoverty,theacademicworld,andtradeunions.
Co-operationbetweendifferentsocialpolicylevelsisalsoestablishedthrough
theelaborationofcommonactionplans.Complementarytothecommonaction
andreportinginthecontextoftheEuropean2020Strategy,forexample,aFeder-
alplantocombatpoverty,containingauPovertyBarometer,”hasbeenputinplace.
ThisPovertyBarometerhastheambitiontofollowupindicatorsrelatingtopover-
tyandsocialexclusionandtodevelop118actionsaimedatreachingthetargetof
helping380thousandpersonsoutofpovertybytheyear2020.Thisplaniscom-
plementedbyRegionalactionplansthatarelinkedtothespecificcompetencesof
theRegionsandCommunities.Uptillnow,however,theseplansaremerelyastep-
pingstonetoputtogethertheeffortsrealizedbyeachgovernment.Theambitionto
evolvetowardsanintegratedplanisoftenconstrainedbythecomplexdiscussionon
themandatesandcompetencesallocatedtodifferentpolicylevels.Eachpolicylevel
hasitsownmandateandcompetences,andconsequentlytheresponsibilitiesareof-
tendividedamongdifferentpolicylevels,whichcomplicatesanintegratedapproach.
Ontopoforganizationalandinstitutionalcomplexities,Belgiananti-poverty
strategiesalsohavetheirownhistoricalandactualaccents.Inthefollowingsec-
tions,weattempttoaddressandanalyzetheunderlyingoriginalrationalesand
currentinterpretationsoftwotopicalspearheadsofBelgiananti-povertypolicy:
userparticipationandchildpoverty.Thesepoliciescannotbeisolatedfromthe
overalleffortsofBelgiuminthelightoftheEuropeanEurope2020Strategy.
DiscussingTopicalSpearheadsof
Anti-PovertyPolicyinBelgium
Inwhatfollows,weexplainanddiscusstwospearheadsofBelgiananti-pover-
typolicy,andmorespecificallyfortheFlemishpart,userparticipationandchild
poverty.
UserParticipation
Inparallelwithinternationaldevelopments(CancianandDanziger2009),Bel-
gianconceptualizationsofpovertyandanti-povertypolicy-makinghaveshifted
andchanged,andhaveinformedassumptionsaboutuserparticipationofpeople
inpoverty.Vranken(1998)describesthisconceptualshiftinanti-povertypolitics.
DuringtheCgoldensixties)andtheseventies,socialpolicyCrediscovered)poverty
owingtouabroadcritiqueonwelfarepoliticssincetheBelgianwelfarestatewas
