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Foreword
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implementationoftheconceptadoptedbyProfessor
on-invasivesurveyscarriedoutatPtolemaisare
TomaszMikocki,whointheintroductiontothepub-
lishedin2006ArchaeologicalTouristGuidewrote:
"Havingbeenoleredawonderfulopportunitytocon-
ductresearchononeofthemostimportantarchaeo-
logicalsitesinthewordwehavedecidedtocarryout
mainlynon-invasiveworks(ratherthantraditional
excavations)inordernottodegradetheintegrityofthe
ruinedPtolemais".Withthisinmind,Prof.Mikocki
hassetanambitiousprogramofnon-invasiveinvestiga-
tionsbeingawareofthefactthattheresearchcarried
outoverawidearearequirenon-standardmeasures
andprepareanewmethodologyforthistypeofwork.
Hisideacouldberealizedthankstoagrantprogramof
thePolishNationalCenterforScience(researchgrant
NN109316237),asaninterdisciplinaryproject"Non-
invasivemappingoftheancientremainsofthecityof
PtolemaisinLibyanCyrenaica."
Teproject,whoseresultsarepresentedhereas
asuccessivevolumeofthePtolemaisinCyrenaicaseries,
isoneofthelargestsuchprojectsintheMediterranean
basin.Morethan150hectaresoflandwassurveyedvia
non-invasiveprospectingmethods.Duetothesizeof
theareawithdocumentedarchaeologicalremains(in-
visibleonthesurface)Ptolemaismaybecountedamong
thelargestsiteswithsuchdocumentation.
Incarryingouttheresearch,alocalgeodesicgrid
wasdevelopedfortheentiresitewithbenchmarksfixed
tomarksquaresof40×40m(1400temporarypoints
andsixbasepointsallowingatranspositionofthelocal
gridtoanygeodesicorgeographicalcoordinatesys-
tem).Tegridmaybeeasilyrecreatedandusedboth
forcontinuedexcavationsatPtolemaisandforfurther
non-invasivesurveys.
Onthebasisofsatelliteimagesandaerialphotog-
raphyperformedfortheproject,ortophotomapswere
preparedforanareaof180hectares.Temapswere
georeferencedandfedintothespatialinformationsys-
temforthesite.Archivalmapsfedintothesystemwere
alsogeoreferenced(includingmapsandtopographical
sketchesmadebynineteenth-centurytravellers),aswas
documentationproducedinthecourseoftwentieth-
centuryexcavationsbyvariousexpeditionsresearching
thesite.Teresultingdigitaldatabaseallowsforamore
detaileddocumentationofarchaeologicalremainsvis-
ibleonthesurface.Itisalsoimportantthatthedatafed
intothesystemmaybemodifiedwithincomingnew
informationaboutthesite,resultingfrombothexcava-
tionsandnon-invasivesurveys.
Tebasicmethodsoffieldmeasurementsweremag-
neticmeasurementsperformedwithaprotonprecession
magnetometerandacaesiumvapourmagnetometer,as
wellasgradiometricreadingsusingtransductors.Te
geophysicalmapsillustratingthemeasurementswere
developedtoolerauniformgraphicrepresentation
ofthedatafromdilerentmeasuringdevices.Filters
andtransformationsusedincommercialsoftwarefor
graphicpresentationofgeophysicalmeasurementre-
sultswereusedinadditiontoalgorithmsdeveloped
specificallytoallowforafilteringoutofdefectsresult-
ingfromthevariedtopography.Tisprovedparticu-
larlydifcultinthecaseofPtolemais–asitespread
outonterracesoveralargeareaandwithmutablelayof
theland,aswellasvariedgeologicalcomposition,with
rockstraightunderthesurfaceinthesouthofthecity
andnumerouslayersofrelicsofancientarchitecture
inthecentralpart.Insuchcircumstancesdeveloping
amethodologyoffieldmeasurementsandrulesforuni-
fyingtheirresultsintoasinglesystemmakesforagreat
