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MagdalenaChmielowiec-Lewczuk
thatsuchinsuranceisveryindividualinnatureandrequiresamongothersthe
highestqualityofinsuranceintermediation,thatis,theserviceoftheinsurance
broker,whonotonlysellsinsurancebutalsohelpstochooseaninsurer,signan
agreement,prepareaccountingdocuments,andalsooftenperformsthefunction
ofanattorney-in-factindisputablesituations,whereadisagreementconcerninga
paymentoramountofdamagesoccursbetweentheinsuringentityandthe
insurancecompany.
2.Costofinsurance
Despitethefactthatinthecontextofusinginsuranceasariskmanagementmethod
itscostisonlyoneofthefeatureswhichdeterminethestructureofaninsurance
portfolio,inpracticeitisfrequentlythemostsignificantfactorcontributingtothe
decisiononpurchasinginsurance.Thecostofinsuranceincludesseveral
components,themostimportantofwhich,althoughnottheonlyone,istheamount
ofaninsurancepremium.Theremainingcomponentsofthecostareasfollows
[Kwiecień2009,p.88]:
costsofpreventiveactions,
costsrelatedtoassertingclaims,
costsofretention,
costsofuncertaintyrelatedtothepossibilityofdenyingdisbursementof
damages,
costsofinsuranceavailability.
Thecostsofpreventiveactionsincludealltheconditionsrequiredbythe
insurerwhicharerelatedtoinsurancecover.Inthecaseofbusinessinsurance,this
elementisparticularlysignificantbecausemaintainingbusinessactivityisexposed
tonumerousfactorsinfluencingriskvolumeandrelatedaboveallwith
considerablevolatilityoftheenvironment.Thiscostneedstobeaccountedforin
insurancecostingpriortosigninganagreement,butitreferstotheentireinsurance
coverperiod.Anillustrationofsuchacostmaybeanecessitytopreparemonthly
reportsontransactionswithdebtorsinthecaseofreceivableinsurance.Iftheentity
hasnotdonethisbefore,itneedstoaccountforandcalculatethecostofpreparing
suchreportsoverthewholetermofaninsuranceagreement,thatis,normally12
months.Occasionallypreventioncostsarenegligibleorarelowenoughtobe
consideredinsignificant,butattimestheymayevenconstituteanobstaclein
purchasinginsurance.
Anothercomponentofthecostofinsurance,whichisalsoextremely
significantinpractice,isthecostofassertingclaims,inparticularthroughjudicial
proceedingsortheonerelatedtopastduedisbursementofdamages.Twoissues
influencetheamountofthiscost.Oneisexcessivelylonglossadjustment
proceduresnotoriouslyoccurringinpractice,whichareoftenanindirectresultof