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ANNALEWANDOWSKA,ROBERTPATER,ŁUKASZCYWIŃSKI
Table2.Innovationbytypein2011–2014(%oftotal)
2011
Innovativecompanies
123
(30.8%)
Productinnovation
46
(11.5%)
Processinnovation
61
(15.3%)
Organisational
27
(6.8%)
innovation
Marketinginnovation
24
(6.0%)
2012
2013
2014
2011–2014
115
(28.8%)
122
(30.4%)
136
(29.2%)
496
(29.8%
68
(17.0%)
66
(16.5%)
63
(15.7%)
243
(15.2%)
58
(14.5%)
42
(10.5%)
49
(12.2%)
210
(13.1%)
40
(10.0%)
53
(13.2%)
62
(15.5%)
182
(11.4%)
27
(6.8%)
21
(5.2%)
28
(7.0%)
100
(6.2%)
Number(share)ofcompaniesthatdeclaredimplementinginnovationsduringthelast12months.
Source:CATIsurvey.
Table3.Innovationbylevelin2011–2014(%oftotal)
2011
2012
2013
2014
2011–2014
Innovativecompanies
123
(30.8%)
115
(28.8%)
122
(30.4%)
136
(29.2%)
496
(29.8%)
Newtothecompany
96
(24.1%)
120
(30.0%)
129
(32.2%)
134
(33.4%)
479
(29.9%)
Newintheindustry
22
(5.5%)
20
(5.0%)
22
(5.5%)
59
(14.7%)
123
(7.7%)
Newtothecountry
22
(5.5%)
8
(2.0%)
22
(5.5%)
3
(0.7%)
55
(3.4%)
Newtotheworld
4
(1.0%)
4
(1.0%)
5
(1.2%)
1
(0.2%)
14
(0.9%)
Number(share)ofcompaniesthatdeclaredimplementationofinnovationsduringthelast12months.
Source:CATIsurvey.
In2011,69.2%companiesthathadimplementedinnovationalsoindicated
fastergrowth.Ayearlaterthesameindicatorshowedthatonly43.5%offast-
growingcompanieswereimplementinginnovations,andin2013-42.9%.These
findingscorrespondwithBaldwinandJohnson’s(1999)research,whofound
thatinnovationispositivelycorrelatedwithcompanygrowth.Intotal,thedata
showed30.0%innovativecompaniesand70.0%companiesstuckonthesame
“production”lifecycle.
4.Methods
Wemodeltheprobabilityofimplementinginnovationconditionallyonvarious
factorsthatdetermineit.Weuseprobitmodels.Thisapproach,aftertestingfor
endogeneityandcontrollingforpotentialheteroscedasticity,allowsustocon-
structseparatemodelsforfourparticularyearsand,afterpoolingthedata,for
theentireperiod2011-2014.Sinceineachyearthesampleofcompanieswas
random,wecouldnotusethepaneldataapproach.
Wemodelledtheprobability
P
(
y
i
=
1
|
ux
ji
,
ki
)
.Ourmodeltooktheform:
y
i
*
=
u
ji
α
+
x
ki
βε
+
i
,
(1)
where
y
i
*
isalatentvariable,suchthat
y
i
*
>⇔
0
y
i
=
1.
y
i
isabinaryobservedvar-
able:
y
i
={
[
[
1ifthei–thcompanyimplementedinnovationduringthelast12months
0
otherwise
