Treść książki

Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
10
Introduction:Anoverviewofcurrenttrends…
thecontributionstothisvolumeadoptacognitiveapproach.EwaKonieczna
employsthePrincipledPolysemyframework,elaborateduponbyTylerand
Evans(2003).MariaBrendapresentssemanticnetworksforprepositionsnear
andnextto,basingherproposalsonsemantic-cognitiveanalysescarriedoutby,
amongothers,Talmy(2000),Langacker(1991),andTyler(2012).Agnieszka
Kaletamakesuseofafunctionaltheoryofsyntax,suchasthesemanticbind-
ingtheoryproposedbyGivón(1980),andcombinesitwiththeinsightfrom
cognitiveapproachestocomplementation(asrepresentedbyworksofLangacker
andWierzbicka).ThechapterbyDanielaKartunarandIdaRaffaelliiscouched
withintheframeworkofcognitivesemantics(asindicatedbyfrequentrefer-
encestoTaylor1993orŠarić2008),buttheyalsorecognizetheusefulnessof
theearlyworkbystructurallinguists(suchasTesnière).
Thisbookconsistsoftwoparts.PartI,Contrastivesemantics,containsfive
chapters.
MariaBrendacarriesoutacorpus-basedinvestigationoftheEnglishprepo-
sitionsnearandnexttoandindicatestheirequivalentsinPolish(suchasthe
prepositionsprzy,obok,opodal).Distinctsensesofnearandnexttoareidenti-
fiedasaresultofacarefulexaminationoftherelationsbetweenthetrajectory
andthelandmarkencodedbythetwoprepositionsinasampleofover2000
sentencesculledfromtheBritishNationalCorpus.Theauthorarguesthatnear
andnexttorepresentimpoverishedpolysemy(incomparisontootherEnglish
prepositions,suchasatorover).
AgnieszkaKaletacomparescomplementationpatternsofselectedclassesof
EnglishandPolishverbs,includingcausativeverbs,perceptionverbs,cognition
verbs,andmodalityverbs.Theauthoridentifiesseveralfactorswhichinfluence
thechoiceofanappropriatecomplementationpatterninEnglishandPolish.
Shediscussesvariousdegreesofsemanticbondbetweeneventsinthemain
andthecomplementclauses.Subtlesemanticdifferencesareexaminedwhich
resultfromthechoiceofalternativecomplementationpatterns.Moreover,it
isdemonstratedinthechapterthatPolishverbsmaydifferfromtheirEnglish
equivalentsinthetypeoftheconstrualimposedonthecomplementscene.
DanielaKatunarandIdaRaffaellifocusongovernedprepositions,thatis,on
prepositionswhichareobligatorycomplementsoftheirverbs.Havingexamined
alargeinventoryofCroatianVerb+Prepositionconstructions,withnineteen
variousspatialprepositions,theauthorsgoontocomparetheCroatiandata
withtheirtranslationequivalentsinEnglishandFrench.KatunarandRaffaelli
distinguishthreelevelsofequivalencebetweenVerb+Prepositionsconstructions
inthelanguagesunderanalysis.Furthermore,theyformulatesomegeneralten-
denciesconcerningtheselectionofgovernedprepositionsinCroatian,English,
andFrench.
KatarzynaKokot-Górainvestigatestheconceptualcategoryofgratification
inEnglishandPolishwithinthemodelofpropositionalsemantics.Sheanalyzes