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ŚWIATMAŁEGODZIECKA
TomI
ELŻBIETAWIECZÓR
UniwersytetMikołajaKopernikawToruniu
UAM2013
Childhood–aFascination
withHumanDevelopment
“Smallchildrenareatreasure,andearlychildhoodisaspecificage”
Humandevelopmentafterbirthanditssuccessivestagesare
asourceoffascinationforadultswhoparticipateinthisdevelopmentand
observeit.Letuslookatthedevelopmentofpreschoolchildren(whoare
3-6yearsold).Itshouldbenotedthatachild’sfunctioningisbasedon
anumberofinterdependentfactors-internal(genetic,congenital)andex-
ternalones(relatedtothestimulationfromthesocialandphysicalenvi-
ronment)aswellastheapproachtoachildasasinglehumanbeing.Each
childisaseparate,uniquepersonwhoisprogrammedtodevelopinanin-
dividualway.
Three–andFour‐YearOlds
Thisisthemostdistinctiveperiodofachild’sdevelopment,which
canbeseeninakindergartenwhenchildrenbegintoformagroup.Athree-
year-oldchildknowswhohe/sheis,whathis/hernameis,andisoftenable
togivehis/hername.Parentsarethemostimportanttosuchachild.
Achildcandistinguishgirlsfromboysandisabletosaytheirnamesas
wellaspointtotheirfavoritetoys.Gradually,achildidentifieswithagen-
der,remembersincreasinglymorewords,gesturesandexpressionsusedby
adults,andrepeatsthemwithrealpleasure.Childrenbelievetheirparents
and,therefore,seetheworldthewayitisshowntothembytheirparents.
Theyneedtofeelspecial,whichdoesnotmeanHbetter”.
Childrendothingsattheirownpace,andhavedifferentskillsanddis-
tinctcharactertraitsaswellasindividualsensitivity.Somemayhaveinex-
haustibleenergy,whileothersmaynotlikecongestionandnoise.Achild
