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14
Part1.Introduction
AccordingtomyknowledgeitisrareforforeignTibetologiststo
workonclassicalTibetangrammarasawhole.Fromtheendofthenine-
teenthcenturytothepresentmostofthepresentationsandcontributions
madebyforeignscholarsinthefieldofTibetangrammarhaveconsisted
ofexcerptsofonegrammarcommentaryoranother2.ItseemsthatInaba
ShojuworkedonbothpartsoftheTibetangrammartraditionSumcupa
(SCP)andRtagskyi!jugpa(TKJ)in1954andlaterin19863.Sincehis
workisinJapanese,itwasnotaccessibletome,exceptforhiseditionof
SituZhallung.
Thus,myprimaryapproachinthisworkistopresentacomplete
translationoftheclassicalTibetangrammartreatises,SCPandTKJwith
itscommentarySituZhallungwrittenbyDharmabhadra,intoEnglish
toprovideanoverviewofTibetangrammarforpeoplewhowantto
learnthisgrammarnotinpartbutasawhole.WhileintranslationIhave
triedtostayascloseaspossibletotheoriginal,thismethodcancreate
incomprehensibilities.Therefore,whenawordbywordtranslationdoes
notmakeanysenseofthetext,Ifocusedontranslatingthemeaning(don
bsgyur).Ihavefoundthismorereasonablethankeepinganonsensical
literaltranslation.ThismethodoftranslationwasalsosuggestedinsGra
sbyorbambognyispa4bythereviser(zhuschen)oftheTibetanlan-
guageatthebeginningoftheninthcentury.
2Miller1991:366:“ToooftenstudiesofspecificquestionsintheTibetangrammarians
havebeenconductedbycitingandtranslatingbits-and-piecesofonecommentaryoran-
other,ratherthanfindingoutwhatisavailableinthecorpusasawhole.”
3Miller1991:365:“Especiallynotableinthisrespecthasheenthecontributionof
InabaShoju,particularlyhisremarkable1954monographontheTibetangrammatical
traditionasawhole(nowtobeusedandcitedintherevisedandexpandededitionof
1986).”
4Ishikawa1990:2:dharmmabsgyurbalargyagargyiskadkyigorimslasmibsnor
barbodkyiskaddubsgyurnadondangtshigtu!brelzhingbdenamabsnorbarsgyur
cig/bsnornabdezhinggobabskyedpazhigyodna/tshigsbcadlanirtsababzhi
pa!am/drugpapa!angrungste/tshigssubcadpagcigginangnagangbdebabsnor
zhingsgyurcig/;“WhenonetranslatesDharmafromtheIndianlanguageintoTibetan,
ifthemeaningandcombinationofthewordordersuit[inTibetan]asitisintheIndian
languageorder,translatethemaccordingtothatorder.Ifitgivesabetterunderstanding
bymixingthewordorder,whethershlokaconsistsoffourorsixverses,translateitin
moreconvenientway.”
