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4.Methodologyofthestudy
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voidofapracticaldimension.Consequently,examplesofavoidance
practicesandanti-avoidancerulesareused,thoughtheirnumberis
keptlowsothattheirdiscussiondidnotblurtheblueprintoftheoreti-
calanalysisandovershadowmainsubmissions.
PracticalexamplesaredrawnmostlyfromthecurrentOECDandEU
initiationsaimedatcounteringtaxavoidance.Dogmaticreferencesare
mademainlytointernationaltaxlawsources(legalacts),soflaw,and
case-lawoftheCJEU.Examplesfromdomesticlegalordersarespar-
inglyused.Tisisadeliberatechoice,justifiedbytheneedtoensure
generalityofdiscussion.Itisworthyofnotethatastrictlylegalana-
lysisofdomestic,EUandinternationallegalrulesdesignedtocounter
taxavoidancehasalreadybeenthetopicofmanycontributionsofhigh
scientificvalue.Whilethegroundworkofthisbookwastheanalysis
ofpreviousresearch,itwasnottheauthor’sintentiontoperformamere
literaturereview.
TisbookispurportedtobereadableandinterestingtoaPolishand
foreignreaderalike.Itwasattemptednottooverloadthebookwith
citationsandreferences.
Onemoreinitialremarkisinorder.Tepresentbookiscentered
aroundtheconceptofrationalityoflawandofinterpretationasration-
alisinglegaltext.Terearetwomeaningsofurational”whicharequite
commoninscientificliterature,butwhicharenottobeconfounded
withtheoneadoptedinthisbook.First,urational”doesnotmeanhere
udrivenbyeconomicself-interest”likeintheeconomicsstartingfrom
the1950s,usingthetheoryofrationalchoiceandutilitymaximisation
andtreatingpeopleashominesoeconomici:agentsmaximizingtheir
satisfactions(profits).12Infact,rationalityasunderstoodinthisbookis
inmanywaysintensionwitheconomicrationality.Second,rationality
heredoesnothavetodowithMaxWeber’srational-legalauthority.13
12Testandpointofsuchrationalityisofentakenineconomicreflectionontax
avoidance;see.,e.g.J.E.Stiglitz,TeGeneralTeoryofTaxAvoidance,NationalTaxJour-
nal1985,Vol.38,No.3,pp.325-338.
13M.Weber,PoliticsasaVocation,lecturegivenattheMunichUniversityin1918.