The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits

Izabella Franiel

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-8012-526-1

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Śląski

Rok wydania:

2012

Liczba stron:

146

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Franiel, Izabella. The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits. Red. . Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski, 2012, 146 s. ISBN 978-83-8012-526-1

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Franiel, I.

T1 The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits

PB Uniwersytet Śląski

PP Katowice

YR 2012

SN 978-83-8012-526-1

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 141947, author = "Franiel, Izabella", editor = "", title = "The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits", publisher = "Uniwersytet Śląski", year = "2012", address = "Katowice", isbn = "978-83-8012-526-1" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Franiel, Izabella

ED -

TI - The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits

PB - Uniwersytet Śląski

CY - Katowice

PY - 2012

SN - 978-83-8012-526-1

ER -

Netografia (standard APA):

Franiel, Izabella. The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits [baza danych online] Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski, 2012 [dostęp: 25 08 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/the-biology-and-ecology-of-betula-pendula-roth-on-post-industrial-izabella-franiel-141947.

biologia, las, drzewa, brzoza, dendroflora, cechy pionierskie, zwałowisko pocynkowe, zwałowisko powęglowe, rekultywacja

Celem pracy była ocena właściwości populacji B. pendula rosnącej w warunkach zróżnicowanej antropopresji z uwagi na: wybrane cechy life history (np.: parametry wielkości, biomasy osobników, ocena płodności osobników), określenie kond...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-8012-526-1

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Śląski

Rok wydania:

2012

Liczba stron:

146

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

ContentsAcknowledgements /7
Introduction and the research objectives /9
Part OneTheoretical overview /9
Adaptation as an expression of adjustment by a species to environmental conditions /11
Responses of plants to stress-related factors /12
Spatial organization of populations /15
Part TwoEuropean white birch (Betula pendula ROTH) — general characterization of the species /23
The developmental biology of birch and adaptation capabilities of the species /23
Part ThreeDescription of the study areas /31
The zinc-lead dump /31
The mine waste dump /33
The research site in Mirów /34
The research site in Łodygowice /35
Climatic conditions of the studied areas /36
Part FourMaterial and study methods /39
The research material and period /39
Field studies /40
Laboratory tests /41
Geostatistical method /42
The spatial variability of B. pendula seedlings /45
Statistical methods /47
Part FiveResults /49
The content of chlorophyll a in birch leaves /49
The photosynthetic apparatus of birch /49
The content of chlorophyll b in birch leaves /52
The content of carotenoids in birch leaves /54
The ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b /57
The number of birch leaves on selected twigs /59
The surface area of a lamina /62
Biometric characteristics of generative organs /65
The number of staminate inflorescences /65
The number of pistillate inflorescences /68
The length of staminate inflorescences /70
The length of pistillate inflorescences /73
The length of fructification axes /76
The number of nuts per fructification /78
The number of empty nuts per fructification /81
The number of full nuts per fructification /83
Efficiency of pollen germination /86
Germination capacity /87
Germination of birch seeds /87
Germination energy expressed by the Pieper coefficient /90
Correlation analysis of the obtained results /91
Geostatistical analysis /92
Visualization of variables /92
Preliminary analysis of the collected data /95
Calculation of empirical variograms and selection of theoretical variograms /97
Envelopes of a variogram /103
Statistical analysis of biometric parameters /106
Discussion /109
Influence of environmental stress-related factors on the content of photosynthetic pigments /109
Generative reproduction of silver birch and factors affecting reproduction success /114
Influence of the selected habitat factors (moisture, solar radiation intensity) on the shape of spatial structure of seedlings /119
Characteristics of biometric parameters of specimens growing in different parts of the postindustrial dumping ground and in the area relatively free of post-industrial contamination /123
Part SevenConclusions /127
References /129
Streszczenie /139
Zusammenfassung /141

development.And,atthesametime,thisfrequentlyappliestorequirementsin

relationtobasichabitatconditions,suchasheat,light,moisture(Daubenmire1973;

Freedman1995;Falińska1996;Bloor2003).

Eachorganismhasaspecificecologicalsystem,asetofcharacteristicsand

traits,whichaffectitsecologicalrequirementsandenableittooccupyacertain

habitat.Thesearepropertiesofexternalandinternalstructure,metabolismand

methodofnutrition,thedevelopmentrhythm,biologyofpropagationandmanyother

characteristics(Safford1990).Andthus,theecologicalstructureofagivenspecies

determineswhichecologicalconditionsmustprevailinagivenplaceforaspeciesto

occur.Ifspeciestraitsmatchtheseconditions,wesaythataspeciesisadaptedto

agivenenvironment.Particulartraitsofaspecies,bothphysiological,morphological

and

anatomical,

matching

specific

habitat

conditions

are

usually

called

theadaptation.Thelargenumberoftheseadaptations,theirdiversityand

functionalityinrespondingtoexternalconditionsisamazing.Thebasisfortheir

developmentisthevariationoforganisms.Therearethreetypesofadaptations:

modulatory,modificatoryandevolutionary(Bergon,Mortimer1981;Begon,Harper,

Townsend1990;Podbielkowski,Podbielkowska1992;Yamashitaetal.2000).

Modulatoryadaptationsdevelopundertheinfluenceofbriefchangesinexternal

conditionsandproceedveryquickly,andatthesametimeareshort-livedand

reversible.Theyusuallyoccuratthebiochemicalandphysiologicallevel,and

seldomarecombinedwithdiscerniblemorphologicalchanges.Thestrengthof

anorganism’sresponseusuallydependsonthedevelopmentstageofanindividual

(Barcikowski1994).

Modificatoryadaptationstakeplaceduringtheontogenesis(ontogeny)of

anorganismandfunctionforalongtimeinperiodsimportantforthelifeofagiven

specimen.Theyconstituteapositiveresponseofagivenorganismtospecifichabitat

conditionsinthedefinedlimitsoftheirinfluence.Sincetheyhaveaformof

morphologicalchanges,permanentinthelifeofaspecimen,andareinducedby

biochemicalprocessesofthisspecimen,theseadaptationsarenotinherited(Begon,

Harper,Townsend1990;Podbielkowski,Podbielkowska1992;Bergon,Mortimer,

Thompson1999).

Evolutionaryadaptationsresultingfromrandommutations,preservedthrough

naturalselection,areinheritedadaptations.Inheritedtraits,specificforeverytaxon,

determineitsecologicalstructureanddefineoptimalrequirementsinrelationto

environmentalconditions(Duarteetal.1995).

Responsesofplantstostress-relatedfactors

Thedefinitionofstress

AccordingtoLevitt,stressisanyenvironmentalfactorcapableofinducing

apotentiallyharmfulphysicalorchemicalchange(strain)inaplant(Levitt1980).

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The biology and ecology of „Betula pendula” Roth on post-industrial waste dumping grounds: the variability range of life history traits

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