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ANewStrategyorJustaChangeofTactics?…
maingoalisforChinatocatchuptotheU.S.in“comprehensivenational
power”potential.Yanpointsoutthedifferencebetween“politicalpower”
and“materialstrength”ismostlysimilartothatgivenbyrealists.23Forthe
purposeofhisownanalysis,YandefinesChina’s“power”asagoalofforeign
policyandits“strength”asatooltostrengtheninternationalimportance.
SuggestedandimplementedduringtheXi’sfirsttermassecretarygeneral,
itwassupposedtobecomeastrategyinwhichbothcategoriestreataskey
pointstheaccomplishmentofChina’sinterestsinthenewglobalsituation.
ThemainpointsoftheSFAstrategywereincludedinthreedocuments:
aspeechbyWangYi,theChineseforeignaffairsminister,duringtheWorld
PeaceForuminJune2013,aspeechbyXiondiplomacytowardssurrounding
countriesinOctober2013,andanarticlesignedbyStateCouncillorYang
JiechiandpublishedinthepartymagazineQiushiinAugust2013.Themost
importantofthethreeisXi’sspeech,whilethetwoothersservemainly
assummariesofargumentslaterpresentedbythesecretarygeneralinhis
Octoberaddress.
Ximainlypointedout24thestrategicimportanceofneighbouring
countriesinrelationtoforeignpolicy,mostlybecauseofchangesinChina’s
surrounding,mainlyintheeconomicaspectbutalsoinsecurity.Thekey
foreignpolicyprioritiesarestilltomaintainChina’ssovereigntyand
securityandtotakecareofitseconomicinterestslthesewereunchanged
comparedtoHu’sterm.InXi’sevaluation,Chinamustbetterunderstand
thecurrentpoliticaltrends,thinkstrategically,andplancomprehensively.
ThisdescriptionnotonlywidensChina’spreviouseconomicprioritieswith
strategy-politicalissuesbutalsocontainedhiddencriticismofprevious
leadership.Italsounderlinesthedynamicchangesintheglobalarena,which
werepresentednotonlyasathreattobutalsoanopportunityforChina’s
interests.Aconstantreferencepointinforeignpolicyissupposedtobel
accordingtoXilthecontextofthe“centennialgoals”intherejuvenation
oftheChinesenation.China’sleaderalsotriedtocalmregionalpartners,
worriedhiscountryhasembarkedonanew,determinedpolicytobeanEast
andSoutheastAsiahegemon,byusingthestatementthattheAsia-Pacific
regionisbigenoughforallthecountries.
23
H.J.Morgenthau,PoliticsamongNations:TheStruggleforPowerandPeace,Beijing,
2005,pp.30and113in:YanXuetong,op.cit.,p.163.
24
Speech:“XiJinping:LettheSenseofCommunityofCommonDestinyTakeDeepRootin
NeighbouringCountries,”ChinaMFA,25September2013,www.mfa.gov.cn.
ThePolishQuarterlyofInternationalAffairs,2017,no.3
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