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I.ContemporaryAmericanSocietyandPolitics
inpoliticsorpublicafairs,suchastheU.S.President,governors,membersofCongress
andsoon,butsometimesdefinedmorebroadlytoincludeprominentmembersofcom-
munitiessuchascorporateCEOsorcommunityleaders,influencetheopinionsofothers
(PaulandBrown2001,Mondak1993).Tosewithauniversityeducationaremorelikely
tobefoundamongtheelite,andthereforetoinfluencethebeliefsofothers.
WewouldhypothesizethatrespondentswhoviewedthePennacceptancespeech
willbemoresupportiveofgaymarriagethanrespondentswhoviewedeithertheCBS
video,orsawnovideoatall.Bivariateanalysisdemonstratesatleastsomeofthisis
true.Whereas52.9%ofrespondentswhosawnovideoagreesomewhatorstronglythat
gaysandlesbiansshouldbeallowedtomarry,72.8%whosawthePennspeechfeelthis
way.Ontheotherhand,amongthosewhosawtheCBSvideo,72.8%atleastsomewhat
agreethatgaysandlesbiansshouldbeallowedtomarry.Clearlyamultivariateanalysis
isnecessarytosortoutthevariousinfluencesofdemographicfactors(sex,raceand
ethnicity),entertainmentmediausehabits(timespentwatchingentertainmentTV
,and
listeningtomusicontheradioorfromrespondents,owncollections),ideology,and
whichvideowaswatched.Orderedlogitisthepropermethodtousehereratherthan
OLS,becausewhilethefourresponsesfromstronglydisagreetoagreeareranked,they
arenotintervalorratioleveldata.TeresultsarepresentedbelowinTable1.
Table1.OrderedLogitModelforLevelofAgreementwith:„Gaysandlesbiansshouldbeallowed
togetmarried”
Variable
Threshold
Stronglydisagree***
Disagreesomewhat***
Agreesomewhat***
PennVideo
CBSVideo***
Female
Black***
Hispanic**
Ideology***
Hourslisteningtoradio
HourswatchingentertainmentTV
Hourslisteningtomusiccollection
Coefficient
–4.740
–3.958
–2.802
–1.806
–1.482
–.834
–.093
.215
.718
.194
.083
.036
StandardError
.474
.457
.431
.267
.261
.224
.431
.665
.079
.112
.101
.096
Significance
.000
.000
.000
.422
.006
.387
.000
.026
.000
.404
.412
.708
*sig.at.10level,**sig.at.05level***sigat.01level