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torememberthatpeoplewouldhaveabandonedplaceswheretheywereborn,wanderingto
findandadapttosomepreviouslyunknownpartsoftheEarthalreadyalongtimebefore.Itis
possiblethatexactlybecauseofour“explorer’sinstinct”wehavesurviveduptothisdayand
areincessantlyevolving.
Thework,consistingofninechapters,explorestherelationshipbetweencolonization
andbiotechnology,describestheconditionsontheRedPlanetandthedifficultiesfacedby
scientists.ItalsolistedprojectsandbiotechnologicalmethodsthatcanhelpterraformMars.It
hasbeenshownthateveninconspicuousmicroorganisms,suchascyanobacteria,or
methanogens,canbeofgreatimportancetothemissionofcolonization.Methodsaimedat
creatingaproperlyfunctioningartificialecosystem,thankstowhich,e.g.growingofplants
couldbepossible,havebeenexplainedinthechapterconcerninggreenbiotechnology.
“Fortherecoveryofwaterandoxygen,wecanapplythesametechnologiesaswearecurrentlyintheISS,butas
farasfoodisconcerned,wehavetodevelopmethodsofgrowingplantsintheouterspacebecausesendingfood
inasupplyshipwillbe,firstofall,veryexpensive,andsecondly,suppliescanbeshippedtoMarsonlyonce
everytwoyears,sotheshipwouldneedtobeverylarge(dependingonthenumberofastronautsresidinginthe
Martianbase).Moreover,onMars,wewillalsohavetolearnhowtodisposeofthewastewegenerate.”
Inadditiontoagrobiotechnology,towhichthelargestpartofthedissertationwas
devoted,medicalaspectsrelatedtotheimpactthatstayingawayfromtheEarthexertsupon
thehumanorganismhavebeendescribedinthesubsequentchapters.AsKakusays,
“AstronautstravelingtoMarswouldhavetopassthroughradiationbeltsthattheEarth,which
couldexposethemtoheavydosesofradiationandincreasetheirsusceptibilitytodisease,
prematureaging,andcancer.”
negativeeffectsofspaceexpeditions.Finally,thecostsofcolonizationmissionsandtheir
profitabilitywerealsoincluded.Theaimofthispaperisnotonlytoinvestigatewhetherthe
terraformationofMarsispossiblebutalsotoshowthatitissomethingessentialandworth
investingin.
Amongthesourcesthatwereessentialtowritethethesis,informationgatheredby
3Grabarek,Radek:JustynaBarys–abiotechnologist,whonourishesourhopesofestablishingthespacebaseon
theMoonandMars,2017.http://weneedmore.space/justyna-barys-biotechnolog-ktora-podtrzymuje-nasze-
nadzieje-na-zalozenie-bazy-na-ksiezycu-i-marsie/(accessat16:30,5.07.2019).
4Michio,Kaku:Przyszłośćludzkości.PodbójMarsa,podróżemiędzygwiezdne,nieśmiertelnośćinaszemiejsce
pozaZiemią.PrószyńskiiS-ka,Warszawa2018,p.103
