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HalinaChodkiewicz
AnimportantdevelopmentinEuropeisconnectedwiththeintroduction
oftheconceptofCLILinthe1990s,thatisContentandLanguageIntegrated
Learning,whichgaveanimpetusforthesearchformoreefectivepractices
forplurilingualeducationrecommendedbytheCouncilofEurope.Five
dimensionsofCLILwerederivedtooferacomprehensiverepresentationof
thistypeofeducationalframework,namely,culture(CULTIX),environment
(ENTIX),language(LANTIX),content(CONTIX)andlearning(LEARNTIX)
(Wolf,2002;Komorowska,2010).OverthelasttwodecadesCLILhas
undoubtedlybecomeaprominentconceptamongmanyL2researchers,
educators,andadministratorsresponsibleforshapingeducationalpoliciesin
Europe,promotingthebeliefthatfocusoncontentcanensurethesimultaneous
attainmentofsecondlanguagecommunicativeability(e.g.Coyle,2007;
Mehisto,MarshandFrigols,2008;Coyle,HoodandMarsh,2010;Geneseeand
Lindholm-Leary,2013).SomeresearchersperceiveCLILinstructionasbeing
ustronglyEuropean-oriented”
,andthetermitselfasbeinggeneric,indicating
educationalsituationsinwhichanadditionallanguageisusedtoteachcontent
areasubjects(Wiesemes,2009).LysterandBallinger(2011),thetwoCanadian
researchers,ontheotherhand,seeaclosesimilaritybetweenCLILandwell-
establishedNorthAmericanimmersionprogrammesasbothofthempursue
thegoalofintegratingcontentandlanguageinstruction.Temaindiference
betweenthemliesintheuseofthelanguagewiththestatusofasecondor
aregionallanguageinthecaseofimmersionprograms,andthechoiceof
aforeignlanguageasamediumofinstructioninteachingcontentareasubjects
inCLIL-orientedcourses.
Italsoneedstobeemphasizedthatthespreadofimmersioninstruction
throughoutCanada,themanyalternativeversionsofCBIcoursesoferedin
theUSA,aswellasnumerousCLIL-basedteachingprogrammesintroducedin
Europeledforeignlanguagespecialiststorethinkingtherolecontentshouldplay
intheprocessoflanguagelearninglteachingsoastomakelanguageinstruction
fullycontextualizedandmoremeaningful(e.g.Brintonetal.,1997;Wesche
andSkehan,2002;Wiesemes,2009;Dakowska,2014).Asaconsequence,
establishingcommongroundsfordefiningthepotentialrelationshipsbetween
theapproachesfocusingonlanguageformandstructuresandthoseemphasizing
theprimacyofprocessingcontentofselectedinformationalmaterialsstartedto
besought.Oneofthefirstideasoffindingthebalancebetweenthetwooptions
wassuggestedbyMet(1998).
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