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THETRANSLATIONALTURNINMODERNISMSTUDIES
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thinkintermsofcomplexintercultural,social,andpoliticalrelationsand
toconsidertheactoftranslationitselfasasocialandculturalbehaviour.
AccordingtotheGermanliterarytranslationscholar,thisisalsotruefrom
anepistemologicalandmethodologicalpointofview,astheconceptof
translationbringswithitcontroversialissuessuchascomparisonand
comparability,equivalenceandtherelatedanalyticalprocesses(Dizdar
2009,90).
Te“translationalturn”inculturalstudiesclearlypresupposesthe
“culturalturn”inTranslationStudies.DorisBachmann-Medicknotedthat
thecategoryoftranslationhadthepotentialtostimulateandintegrate
thedevelopmentofculturalstudiesonlyifitreachedbeyondthevalues
andnotionswhichhadbeentraditionallyascribedtotranslation,such
asequivalenceandfaithfulness,andopenedthedooruptoquestionsof
discursivepractice,culturaltransformation,alterity,displacement,and
culturaldiference(seeBachmann-Medick2008;2009,5).However,as
DilekDizdarrecentlyargued,“aCtranslationalturn’canonlytakeplace
efectivelyifallattemptstobroadentheconceptoftranslation(and/orto
useitinametaphoricalsense)haveCtranslationproper’astheirpointof
reference”(Dizdar2009,90).InDizdar’sview,suchareferencetotransla-
tionproperalso“requirestranslationstudiestoberepositionedasanew
keydisciplineinthehumanities”(Dizdar2009,90).
Indeed,atleastfromthe1980s,thefieldoftranslationstudieshasbeen
graduallyshifingfromtheperipheryoflinguisticandliteraryresearch
intotheverycentreofmodernhumanities.Terecentimpactoftransla-
tionstudiesinavarietyofculturaldiscoursescanbeattributedtoseveral
processesassociatingtranslationstudieswithotherhumanistdisciplines.
InPraisingTranslationStudies,WłodzimierzBoleckiarguesthat,first
ofall,thesuccessoftranslationstudiesmighthaveensuedfromthefact
thatallthecruciallinguistictheoriesofthe20thcenturywereimmedi-
atelyincorporatedasproblemswithintranslationstudies.Teincreased
concernforthecreativefunctionofthesubjectinconstructingcultural
phenomenashifedattentiontothetranslatorastheauthor.Semiotic
analysesofthemechanismsofdatatransformationinavarietyofdisci-
plineswereconfrontedwiththeprocessesoftranslation.Temethods
andtoolsoftranslationacquiredaconsiderableimportanceinsocialand
culturalanalysesorientedtowarddiferencesbetweencultures,historical
