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10SystematisationofConceptsandModelsRelated
toDifferentiatedIntegrationandPoliticalSegmentation
JoannaZiółkowska
CollegeofEurope,Natolin
Introduction
Instudyingthephenomenaassociatedwithdifferentiatedintegrationandpolitical
segmentationintheEuropeanUnion,itisimportanttodefine,aspreciselyaspossible,
theconceptsandtermsreferredtomostfrequently,againstwhichparticularEUpo-
licieswillbefurtheranalysed.Theobjectiveofthischapteristhereforetoattempt
tosystematisethoseconceptsthatarediscussedmostfrequently,andtopropose
aclassificationofthekeymodelsofdifferentiatedintegration,withaviewtothislater
beingappliedwithrespecttothepoliciesanalysedinthefollowingchaptersofthethesis.
Withthisaiminmind,Iusethefirstpartofthechaptertooffersomepreliminary
remarksonpossiblewaysthephenomenainquestionmightbedefined.Ithenoffer
areviewofthemajorpoliticalconceptsappearinginthedebateondifferentiated
integration,commencinginthe1970s.Suchanapproachnotonlyallowstheconcepts
inquestiontobepresentedfromahistoricalperspective,butalsoseekstoshow
theevolutionofperspectivesondifferentiation.Thisevolutionisalsoreflectedintreaty
reforms,makingitimportantforthesuccessivereformssanctioningdifferentiation
mechanismsintheEuropeanTreatiestobealsodiscussed.Finally,forthepurposeof
systematisingtheconceptsdiscussed,Ireviewselectedproposalsforcategorisationof
thedifferentiatedintegrationmodels,withthisallowingatypologytobeproposed,
aswellascriteriatobeappliedinfurtherresearchofEuropeanpolicies,atatimeof
changesintheEuropeanintegrationmodel.
1010Differentiatedintegrationandpoliticalsegmentation
Itisdifficulttosettleonamostgeneraltermbywhichtorefertodeparturefrom
uCommunityorthodoxy.”Suchageneraluumbrellaterm”shouldcover,inthemostgene-
ralmanner,theprocessesviawhichnotallstatesparticipateinallpoliciesonthesame
principlesandatthesametime.Thetermsuflexibility”
,udifferentiatedintegration”
,
usegmentation”orumulti-speedintegration”areallpresentintheacademicdebate.
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