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E.Murawska(red.nauk.),Obrazszkołyinauczyciela.Egzemplifikacjeteoretyczneiempiryczne,Kraków2010
ISBN:978-83-7850-251-7,©byOficynaWydawnicza„Impuls”2010
Introduction
Thetwentiethcenturygeneratedanoutburstofseverecriticismofschool,
asaconsequenceofwhichthreemaintendenciesofitsfurtherevolution
anddevelopmentemerged.Oneofthem,heraldingaswiftcollapseofschoolas
aneducationalinstitutionwhichhasnotliveduptothesocialexpectationsit
wastrustedtofulfill,called‘descholarization’strategy,hasnotcometrueandno
apparentevidenceseemstoexisttosuggestthatitcouldinthefuture.Tesecond
tendency–thatofanalternativeschool,whichconstitutedandstillconstitutes
animportantinspirationfortheschooltheoryandpractice,buthasnotbecome
auniversalantidotetoeducationalproblems–insimilarfashionhasnotstood
thetestoftime.
Itwouldseemthatthewinningconceptisthatofaschoolwhichperpetu-
allyimprovesitself,inwhichthekeyroleisplayedbyawell-educated,creative,
modern-thinkingandactingteacher.Itishiscompetence,personalitypredisposi-
tions,motivationandself-consciousnessthattheproperfunctioningoftheschool
systemandtheefficiencyoftheteachingandupbringingprocessesdependon.
Inthepublicdiscourseconcerningthetopicofschool,acriticaltoneprevails.
Itisinfavourablyassessedbypupils,parentsandteachers(whoarealsoseverely
criticised).Teopinionseemstobecommonthatschoolshouldbeimproved(to
keeppacewiththetimes).Inasimilarfashion,teachershouldalsobebetter–
better-educated,withvarious,developedqualifications,integratedidentityand
enjoyingapropersocialstatus.
However,themodernteacherispredominantlydescribedfromtheperspec-
tiveofidentitycrisisheexperiences,throughtheprismofdangers,lackofpro-
fessionalstability,stress,educationalincompetence,helplessnessanddiscourage-
ment.Tetaskofutmostimportanceistoconductaseriousreflectionconcerning
theconditionofeducationsysteminthecontextofglobalisationprocesses,asking
questionsaboutthemostcrucialneedsofmodernteachers,thelimitsoftheirin-
tellectualindependence,professional,individualandpublicresponsibilityaswell
asmoralautonomy.Tetopicsanalysedinthisbookinthiscontext,anattempt
tosolveessentialproblemsconcerningschoolandtheteacher,sufficientlyjustify
itscreationandmotivationtopassitontotheReader.Allthemoresothatthe
textsincludedinitnotonlytouchupontheessenceofmodernchallengesbefore
Polishschoolandteacher,butalso–whichisworthemphasising–constitutethe
exemplificationofchoseneducationalproblemsofRussianandUkrainianeduca-
tionsystemincludingthemostimportantproblemsofprofessionalfunctioningof
