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Introduction19
wearedependentonothersandthattherootofthesufferingisnotin
theexternalconditionsbutintheperceptionsandattachmentsofthe
individual.Thisfar-reachinginsightcantouchthedeepself(Scheff
2014)andcanbeliberatingandhealing.
Contemplativeresearchcouldbeassociatedwithphenomenology
(Bentz2016:50-51).Ifwelookatsomephenomenologicalprocedures
theycouldremindusofcontemplativestudy.Epoche,whichisused
toexpelourfiltersoftheworld’sperception,issimilartomeditative
andcontemplativepractices.WhenweapplyepocheweHbracket”
theassumptionsthatcomefromscienceandourmethodological
assumptionsandpreviousresearch,thenweHbracket”theassumptions
fromourcultureandeverydaylife.Later,whiledoingresearchwecan
reconstructtheuniversalstructureofthephenomenonasitappears
inourperceptionindifferentsituations,withoutbasingthemonthe
previousknowledge.Otherproceduresincludeimaginativevariations,
horizontalizations,
and
horizonalization
(ibid.:
53).
Imaginative
variationsrefertothepossibilitiesofsituations,conditionsinwhich
thephenomenoncouldappearandexist.We,asresearchers,tryto
reconstructthesepossibilitiesinourmind.Horizontalizationrefers
toseeingthephenomenainthesituationfromdifferentobservation
points,toseewhatthephenomenoncouldmeanfrommanyperspectives
ofexperiencingit.Horizonalization(withoutaIt’)isatechniquethat
allowstoputatthecentreofobservationtheaspectoftheexperience
thatseemstobeimportantforthephenomenon,butisnotinitially
withinthehorizonofexperience(ibid.:RehorickandBentz2008:16;
seealsoBentzandShapiro1998:99).
ForValeryBentz,phenomenologycouldbesomatic.Thismeans
thatwecanobserveourbodyfrominsideanddescribebothour
tensionsandourreleasesoftensionsthatcouldbemeaningfuland
transforming.Apersoncouldthustransformherlifeandperspective
ofseeingtheworld(Bentz2016:53;RehorickandBentz2008).Some
somaticexperiencescouldbeassociatedwithtraumaorunfavourable
familyconditions,andtheyneedcorrectionsthroughspecialphysical
trainingortheworkonthebody.AccordingtoValeryBentzHThrough
somaticphenomenologicalinquiry,weareabletoreleasethepersonal
accumulationsofpowerdistortionssuchastrauma,ego,money,
andsensualdecadence,therebyopeningthespacetoplugintothe
transcendant.Asithappensinthephenomenologicalepoche,wecan
makespaceforourdeeperbeingstoemerge”(Bentz2016:60-61).
Thistransformationofperspectivesandselfcouldbeachievedalso
bypracticinghatha-yoga,whichhelpstoseetheemotionsandattitudes
fromembodiedperspectives.Thedeepbodilyexperienceandawareness