Treść książki
Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
BartłomiejBeniowski,1800-1867
54
members.
208
ZanthereafterfoundedthesecretsocietyofthePhilarets,also
organisedinsevensectionsmarkedbythesevencoloursoftherainbow,and
designedtostudythesciencesandarts.Justasearlier,talksweregivenorpapers
readatmeetingsonscientificsubjectsconnectedwiththespecialistprofileofthe
circle,butalsoonmoralquestionsandfifactsfromnationalhistory.”
209
Mikołaj
Malinowskitellsusthateachgroupmetonceaweek,andthatthephilosophers)
meetingsattractedpeoplewhowerenotmembersofthisparticularcircle,who
hopedtohearpoetrythere,especiallyfromMickiewiczwhenhewasinWilno.
210
Therewasstillstressonmutualassistance:thosethatweregoodatphysics,
chemistryandmathsgavefreetuitiontotheirlessablecolleagues;allwhocould,
paid1Polishzlotymonthlyintoafundtoassistpoorstudents;theyplannedto
printPolishclassicscheaplyandwantedtopublishascientificjournal.
211
Beniowski,likemanyofhiscolleagues,wasperhapsalittleconfusedabout
theexactsequenceofeventsandorganisationalnomenclaturein1820-1821,
aboutwheretheDisseminatorsendedandthePhilaretsbegan.Hewritesabout
thefiRadiatingSociety,”butmostofthemeetingsofthecirclethathebelonged
tomusthavetakenplaceintheclandestinePhilaretperiod:
IhavebeenthenamemberofthesectionunderLozinski,meetinginaone-windowedback
roomoftheunder-groundfloorofahouse,situatedattheverycornerofthemilitary
governor)sresidence.Zan,theleaderofthecentralsection,visitedusoften,andencouraged
toperseverance.
212
Itwascertainlythepractice,asBeniowskisuggests,formembersofthecentral
committeeofthePhilaretstoattendmeetingsofthecircles.OttoŚlizień,who
alsobelongedtothiscircle(whichhecallsafiunion”),tellsusthatfithegroups
metonthebasisofinformationpassedonbywordofmouthatsomedesignated
timeorother,andinsomedesignatedlodgingsorother,”andthelocation
describedbyBeniowskiwouldfitwithŁoziński)slodgings.
TeodorŁozińskiwasoneofthosewhowerebeginningtotalkabout
theneedforenlightenmentofthepeasantryandissaidtohavejoinedthe
CarbonaristUnionin1821.
213
IfitisunlikelythatBeniowskiwasinductedinto
theCarbonariatthisstage,hewouldhavebecomeawareoftheexistenceofthe
movement,andthesamealsoappliestoFreemasonry,whichwasbeingrestored
inWilnointhe1820s.ThePhilarets)hero,JoachimLelewel,wasafreemason,
208
ibid.,pp.110,116.
209
OttoŚlizień,fiZpamiętnika,”op.cit.,p.121.Anothermemberofthiscirclewas
AleksanderDomeyko(op.cit.,p.141).
210
MikołajMalinowski,Księgawspomnień,op.cit.,pp.29-31.
211
LeonardChodźko,fiThomasZan,”op.cit.,p.3.
212
LondonDemocrat,no.2,20.IV.1839,p.10,fiThePolishRevolution,byMajor
Beniowski,no.II.”Beniowskiwasnotaloneinmixingnamesandtimes:LeonardChodźkoand
IgnacyDomeykodifferonvariouspoints.
213
ed.MartaZielińska,KorespondencjaFilomatów,op.cit.,p.55.
