Challenges and threats to the security and defense of Poland in the 21st century

Zenon Trejnis

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-7545-924-1

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Aspra

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

269

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Trejnis, Zenon. Challenges and threats to the security and defense of Poland in the 21st century. Red. . : Aspra, 2019, 269 s. ISBN 978-83-7545-924-1

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Trejnis, Z.

T1 Challenges and threats to the security and defense of Poland in the 21st century

PB Aspra

YR 2019

SN 978-83-7545-924-1

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 224189, author = "Trejnis, Zenon", editor = "", title = "Challenges and threats to the security and defense of Poland in the 21st century", publisher = "Aspra", year = "2019", address = "", isbn = "978-83-7545-924-1" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Trejnis, Zenon

ED -

TI - Challenges and threats to the security and defense of Poland in the 21st century

PB - Aspra

CY -

PY - 2019

SN - 978-83-7545-924-1

ER -

Netografia (standard APA):

Trejnis, Zenon. Challenges and threats to the security and defense of Poland in the 21st century [baza danych online] : Aspra, 2019 [dostęp: 25 08 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/challenges-and-threats-to-the-security-and-defense-of-poland-in-the-zenon-trejnis-224189.

The monograph is a research project report, and this project, entitled, “Challenges and Threats to the Security and Defense of Poland in the 21st Century,” was implemented as part of the Research Grant No. 997/2018 entitled “The ...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-7545-924-1

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Aspra

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

269

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Spis treści niedostępny

StanisławFilipowicz

requirespayingattentiontotheambiguitywhich,despiteeverything,wewill

ﬁndinthesphereofdemocraticpractices.

Themostgeneralquestionthatwemustaskourselveswhenanalyzingthis

issueis:howisitthatpeoplearereadytorecognizetheauthorityofcertain

decisionsandshowobedience?Thisis,therefore,theclassic,undertakenby

MaxWeber,questionofdomination.What,then,isthenatureofdomination

thatisrealizedintheframeworkofdemocraticorder?Asweknow,Weber

nevergaveadeﬁnitiveanswer.Heconvincedusthatthiswholeissueisvery

complicated;andemphasizedtheimportanceofpracticesrelatedtothefunc-

tioningoftherepresentativesystemandparliaments,buttheissueofdemo-

craticlegitimizationdidnotlimitthisissue.Weber1letmeadd1hascon-

nectedthewholeproblemofmodernformofgovernment(democracy)with

considerationsregardingrationality,whichisperceivedasthemostgeneral

arrangementthatgivesacharacteristicfeatureofmodernity.

Authorof“EconomyandSociety,”letmeremindbrieﬂy,spokeabout

threeformsofdomination.“Thereare,”heexplained,“threepuretypesof

legitimatedomination.Thevalidityoftheclaimstolegitimacymaybebased

on:1.Rationalgrounds1restingonabeliefinthelegalityofenactedrules

andtherightofthoseelevatedtoauthorityundersuchrulestoissuecom-

mands(legalauthority).2.Traditionalgrounds1restingonanestablished

beliefinthesanctityofimmemorialtraditionsandthelegitimacyofthose

exercisingauthorityunderthem(traditionalauthority);orﬁnally3.Charis-

maticgrounds1restingondevotiontotheexceptionalsanctity,heroismor

exemplarycharacterofanindividualperson,andofthenormativepatternsor

orderrevealedorordainedbyhim(charismaticauthority).”6

Legaldomination,letmerepeat,willbecomeasigniﬁcantfeatureofmoder-

nity.Ofcourse,itsmeaningwillbeconnectedwithdemocraticorders,imposing

rationalityrequirementsconnectedwithrecognizingthesuperiorroleofcritics

andpubliclydevelopedargumentation.Theparliamentaryrule,whichexposes

themodelofopendebateasthemostobviouspremiseoflegitimization,will

becomethebasisforpracticesreﬂectingthelegaldomination.Theexistenceof

publicsphereandparliamentarydiscussion,however,doesnotcompletelyex-

plainthephenomenonofdemocracy.LetusrememberthatWeberspeaksofthe

typesofdominationforgoodreasons.Realityisneverareﬂectionofabstract

patterns.PresentingWeber’spointofview,letmeemphasize,thatmodernra-

tionalitywillneverberealizedinformsthatwouldbecomplete,integral,and

ﬁnal(theconceptofrationality,letusremember,constituteidealization).The

“intentional-rational”(Weber’sterm)interestsandpatternsofaction,arenot

6MaxWeber,Gospodarkaispołeczeństwo.Zaryssocjologiirozumiejącej,trans.D.La-

chowska(Warsaw:WydawnictwoNaukowePWN,2002),160.

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