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INTRODUCTION
Onlyinthecontemplationofbeauty
ishumanlifeworthliving–
Plato
1.Thecity–anobjectofconservation
Theexperiencegleanedintheprocessofsafeguardinghistoriccitiesand
townswasaninvaluablecontributiontocontemporaryconservation
thoughtandtoimprovingmethodsofitspracticalimplementation.
Whenconservationwasonlyjustformingasaseparatediscipline
ofscholarship,researchersstudyingthecomplexmaterialandsocial
structureofcitiesnoticedtheneedtotransfertheirinterestfrom
individualfeatures–historicmonumentstowholecomplexes,tocities
asawholeand,finally,tothelandscape.Already,attheturnofthe
twentiethcentury,researchrevealedtheusefulnessoftheconservation
pointofviewinthewholecomplexityofsocio-culturalandeconomic
conditionsofthetransformationprocessofurbanstructure.Inthe
caseofhistorictownsandcities,italsoinducedaconstantsearchfor
conservationmethodsappropriatetotheindividual,specificcharacter
ofEuropeancities,andtotheconditionsinwhichconservationhad
tofunction.
Individualhistoricmonumentswerealwaysinaprivileged
situationinrelationtothehistoricstructureofthecity,rightly
perceivedasamuchmorecomplexwhole.Theywereprotectedby
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