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„Ekonomista”2021,nr2
http://www.ekonomista.info.pl
194
AleksanderSulejewicz
scientificpractice,asstipulatedbelowinthe(BigMäk,(A,P,E,I,X,M,V,B,D,
C,S,R)andcometotheconclusionthatwecannotascribetoKaleckivirtually
anyofthefactorsproposedbyMäkiasexplanationoforthodoxeconomicGmod-
ellingfailure”.Whyhasamore(correct,,Kaleckian/post-Keynesianeconomic
modellingnotbeenrecognizedassuccessful?Whyistheentirepost-Keynesian
movementplacedsolowinthescientometricstatistics,issoselectivelyrepre-
sentedinrankingsofGtopcontemporaryeconomists”publicisedintheInternet?
WhatismissinginMäki,smodel?
Whilethisisaseparateandimportantquestion,readersofthearticlecan
easilygatherremarksandsuggestionsbuildingtowardsthemainconclusionthat
themainstreameconomicsisalargelyinformalinstitutionyetstrengthenedby
formalrules,onewhich,àlaRodrik,isunforgivingtoheterodoxeconomistseven
whentheyobeycertain(insider,practices.OnthisaccountKaleckiseemstohave
beena(paradigmatic,caseofasuccessfulacademicheterodoxeconomist,author
ofsignificantinnovationsintheanalysesofcapitalism,socialism,andthe(inter-
mediateregimes,,allofwhichwereultimatelyrejectedbythedominantsocial
forcesoftheday,signalling(modellingfailure,ofhis,inallacademicandpol-
icy-institutionalcontexts.Idispute,therefore,theviewofferedsometimesthat
Kaleckihasafirmplaceincontemporarymainstreameconomics,andwasthe
originatorofmanyideasgenerallyacceptedtoday.Ifthatisindeedthecase,then
Mäki,smodel(evenifexpandedasbelow)failstoprovideanexplanationofmod-
ellingfailureineconomics.
1.Modellingsuccess/failure:anextendedversion(‘BigMäk’)
“Economicsisascienceofthinkingintermsofmodelsjoinedto
theartofchoosingmodelswhicharerelevanttothecontemporary
world.(...)Goodeconomistsarescarcebecausethegiftforusing
{vigilantobservation’tochoosegoodmodels,althoughitdoesnot
requireahighlyspecialisedintellectualtechnique,appearstobe
averyrareone.Inthesecondplace,asagainstRobbins,econom-
icsisessentiallyamoralscienceandnotanaturalscience.Thatis
tosay,itemploysintrospectionandjudgmentsofvalue.”
(Keynes1938)
Theabovequotationis80yearsold,butthesewordsseemtoprovidea(new,
readingoftheconventionaleconomicsmethodology.Thefirsttwosentencespro-
videthegistofmuchoftheargumentationsofDaniRodrik(Rodrik2015)where
hereflectsonthestateofeconomicsanditsambivalentachievements,tosaythe
least,toexplainandtoremedytheglobalfinancialcrisis(GFC)ofthebegin-
ningofthe21stcentury.Rodrikprovidessometellingsummariesofthepositive
(heuristics,oftheviewsexposedinhisbookandleavesuswithafewmemora-
blephrases:Geconomicsisunforgivingofthosewhoviolatethewayworkinthe
