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Fig.2.1.TransportcorridorsinEast-CentralEurope
Unfortunately,integrationofrailwaylinesinEuropeisdifficultduetothewide
varietyoftechnicalsolutionsthatareusedontherailwaysinvariouscountries,
butwereimplementedduringtheperiodofrailwaydevelopment.Themostsig-
nificantare:
-varioustrackgauges,whichrequire,whilepassingsectionsofdifferentgauges
(e.g.,ontheborders),achangeofwheelsetsorapplicationofspecialsystems
enablingfastchangeofthewheelbaseintrainswithouthavingtochangethe
wheelsets(e.g.,Spanishsystem-Talgo,Fig.2.2,PolishSUW2000,etc.);
atypicalEuropeanwheelbaseis1435mm,inthecountriesoftheformerSo-
vietUnion,thereisawheelbaseof1522mm(alsoinPolandontheso-called
LHSlinefromtheUkrainianbordertoSławkówcity,Silesia).Thewidesttrack
isinIberiancountries(Portugal,Spain-1668mm),althoughnewhigh-speed
linesinSpainarebuiltwiththeEuropeanwheelbase;however,sometimes
differentlocalvariantsofthewheelbaseappear,suchas1000mmorsmaller
ones;
-differentsupplyvoltageofthecatenary;themapofsupplyvoltagesusedfor
electrifiedlinesispresentedinFig.2.3;
-varioustrafficsignallingandcontrolsystems.
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