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cernsofcontemporaryinternationalrelationsandinternational
law.Theissuehasbecomepartoftheworkconductedwithin
theframeworkofUNEP
,theUnitedNationsEnvironmentPro-
gramme.Attherequestofthisorganisation,theUnitedNations
GeneralAssemblyinthe1969resolutionno.34/186established
15principlesoneńectiveco-operationbetweenstatesonthe
developmentofinternationallawinthefieldofHtheconser-
vationandharmoniousutilizationofnaturalresourcesshared”
.
Threeoftheseprincipleshavebeendevotedtoliabilityforthe
damagecausedtotheenvironment.Noneofthemhaveunam-
biguouslysolvedanumberofspecificquestions,apartfromthe
factthatthepreferenceforlegalmechanismsininternallaw
hasbeenstressed.
TheorganisationswithintheUnitedNationssystemwhich
emergedaftertheSecondWorldWarwereestablishedinorderto
restorepeace,co-existenceandinternationalrelationsbetween
countriesravagedbyextensivewarfare.Theseorganisationsare
currentlyattemptingtotacklenewglobalenvironmentalprob-
lems,themostimportantofwhichinclude:
1)thenegativeeńectsoftheindustrialpollutionoftheat-
mosphere,particularlysulphurandnitrogencompounds
(acidrain),
2)globalwarming(greenhouseeńect),
3)stratosphericozonedepletion,
4)soildegradation,
5)pollutionandshortageofwater,
6)electromagneticandionisingradiation,
7)reductioninecosystembiodiversity,
8)limitedresistanceofbiologicallife,
9)globaldepletionofnaturalresources.
Countriesco-operateonmanylevelsinordertosolvethese
problemsbutagreatdealdependsonthepositionoftheUnited
States,asevidencedbyitsnon-ratificationoftheConventionon
BiologicalDiversityortheKyotoProtocol.Itseconomicsuccess
decidesovertheworld’seńectivenessinthefightagainstglobal
warmingortradeingeneticallymodifiedorganisms.
CHAPTER1.AXIOLOGICALANDPHILOSOPHICALPRINCIPLESOFENVIRONMENTALLAW…
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