Extended Vantage Theory In Linguistic Application. The Case of the English Articles

Adam Głaz

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-7784-230-0

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Rok wydania:

2012

Liczba stron:

294

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Głaz, Adam. Extended Vantage Theory In Linguistic Application. The Case of the English Articles. Red. . Lublin: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 2012, 294 s. ISBN 978-83-7784-230-0

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Głaz, A.

T1 Extended Vantage Theory In Linguistic Application. The Case of the English Articles

PB Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

PP Lublin

YR 2012

SN 978-83-7784-230-0

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 43647, author = "Głaz, Adam", editor = "", title = "Extended Vantage Theory In Linguistic Application. The Case of the English Articles", publisher = "Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej", year = "2012", address = "Lublin", isbn = "978-83-7784-230-0" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Głaz, Adam

ED -

TI - Extended Vantage Theory In Linguistic Application. The Case of the English Articles

PB - Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

CY - Lublin

PY - 2012

SN - 978-83-7784-230-0

ER -

Netografia (standard APA):

Głaz, Adam. Extended Vantage Theory In Linguistic Application. The Case of the English Articles [baza danych online] Lublin: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, 2012 [dostęp: 25 08 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/extended-vantage-theory-in-linguistic-application-the-case-of-the-adam-glaz-43647.

cognitive linguistics, Vantage Theory, Extended Vantage Theory, articles, categorization

This study has a dual orientation and a dual aim: Theoretical and analytical. On the theoretical side, it presents a relatively little know cognitive model of categorization, Vantage Theory, surveys its linguistic applications and proposes its ada...

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-7784-230-0

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Rok wydania:

2012

Liczba stron:

294

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Acknowledgements10
Introduction12
Chapter 1. Vantage Theory: origin and basic tenets16
1. Introductory comments16
1.1 The Munsell set17
1.2 Interviews19
2. The theory20
2.1 The space-time : categorization analogy20
2.2 Vantages22
2.3 An excursus: attention26
2.4 Contraction and protraction of cognitive distance28
2.5 Universal width of purview and the spotlight effect31
2.6 Variants of the dominant-recessive pattern34
2.7 Coextension36
2.8 Individual cognition39
2.9 Frames40
2.10 Stress41
2.11 Viewpoints44
3. Vantage Theory in a broader context46
4. Synopsis52
Chapter 2. Vantage Theory: linguistic applications55
1. Introductory comments55
2. Category and concept. Colour and beyond56
3. The applications62
8 Table of contents62
3.1 MacLaury (1995) on aspects of conceptualization62
3.1.1 Quintessential vs. representative prototypes62
3.1.2 Asymmetries in conceptualizing63
3.1.3 Metaphorization: time63
3.1.4 Metaphorization: birds and people in Kaluli65
3.1.5 Double constructions66
3.1.6 Viewpoints as coordinates: spatial orientation67
3.1.7 Viewpoints as coordinates: contextualized and decontextualized thinking69
3.2 Semantics of colour terms70
3.2.1 The French marron and brun70
3.2.2 The Hungarian piros and vörös70
3.2.3 The Polish BLUE category72
3.2.4 Colour terms in grammatical constructions73
3.2.5 Japanese native and borrowed terms73
3.2.6 Change in colour categorization74
3.3 Lexical semantics75
3.3.1 Bird naming75
3.3.2 The Iberian Spanish “macho”76
3.3.3 Autohyponymy76
3.3.4 Dutch historical semantics77
3.3.5 Vertical extent/position78
3.3.6 Demonstratives81
3.3.7 Lexis in written discourse82
3.4 The social dimension84
3.4.1 Styles in Japanese speech84
3.4.2 Japanese masu forms86
3.4.3 Ethnic identity87
3.4.4 “Folk linguistics” and an individual’s national identity88
3.5 Song lyrics91
3.5.1 VT and a love song91
3.5.2 The father-son relationship92
3.5.3 Statistics in punk and hip-hop92
3.6 Miscellanea93
3.6.1 Japanese orthographic conventions93
3.6.2 Language learning93
3.6.3 From Old English to Middle English constructions94
3.6.4 Number in English95
4. Conclusion97
Chapter 3. The English articles: a background survey99
1. The definite article99
1.1 Two classifications of the100
1.1.1 Classification 1: Christopher Lyons100
1.1.2 Classification 2: Low102
1.2 Individual accounts of the105
1.2.1 Russell105
1.2.2 Christophersen106
1.2.3 Searle106
1.2.4 Allan107
1.2.5 Heim108
1.2.6 Löbner108
1.2.7 Chafe108
1.2.8 Givón109
1.2.10 Hawkins and Christopher Lyons110
1.2.9 Fraurud110
1.2.11 Katz114
1.2.12 Low115
1.3 The in cognitive linguistics116
1.3.1 Cognitive Grammar117
1.3.2 Construction Grammar119
1.3.3 Mental Spaces120
1.3.4 Viewpoint (Epstein)121
2. The indefinite article132
2.1 Individual accounts of a/an133
2.1.1 Russell and Ludlow & Neale133
2.1.2 Hawkins134
2.1.3 Leech135
2.2 A/an in cognitive linguistics136
2.2.1 Cognitive Grammar137
2.2.2 Mental Spaces139
3. The nil article141
3.1 Individual accounts of the nil article142
3.1.1 Jespersen142
3.1.2 Hewson142
3.1.3 Chesterman143
3.1.4 Berezowski143
3.2 The nil article in cognitive linguistics144
4. Final comments146
Chapter 4. (E)VT and the English articles147
1. (E)VT and articles: framework development147
1.1 Case 1: the/a house in Doris Lessing147
1.2 Case 2: the in Ernest Hemingway150
1.3 Case 3: articles and capitalization152
1.4 Case 4: articles and translation157
2. EVT: the current framework159
3. EVT and articles: a first classification166
3.1. Similarity predominating166
3.1.1 Non-discrimination: SS, SS+, SS-166
3.1.2a The default dominant vantage: SS D168
3.1.2 The dominant vantage with variations168
3.1.2b The other balanced variants: SS+ D-, SS- D+170
3.1.2c The non-balanced variant: SS- D171
3.1.2d SS- D vs. SS- D+172
3.1.2e SS vs. SS D175
3.1.3 Synopsis of similarity predominating176
3.2 Difference predominating177
3.2.1 The default recessive vantage: DD S177
3.2.2 The balanced DD+ S- variant178
3.2.3 The balanced DD- S+ variant179
3.2.4 Logical definites181
3.2.5 Synopsis of difference predominating182
3.3 Definite plurals: [SS-] D and [SS] D184
3.4 Pluralized mass nouns187
3.5 A few comparisons187
3.5.1 Predominating similarity vs. predominating difference187
3.5.2 Nil vs. definite articles190
3.5.3 Non-default balanced recessive vantages: DD+ S- vs. DD- S+191
4. Synopsis195
Chapter 5. EVT and articles in discourse199
1. Introductory comments199
2. Coreferentiality200
3. Reference-point phenomenon204
3.1 Sentence/phrase level204
3.2 Discourse level206
3.3 Created associative links209
3.4 Scripts211
4. The role of encyclopedic knowledge214
5. Discourse-initial the216
6. Hearer’s unfulfilled expectations219
6.1 Definite vs. indefinite article219
6.2 Nil vs. indefinite article222
7. Lexical vs. discourse level223
8. Conclusions224
Chapter 6. EVT and articles: a further extension225
1. Introductory comments225
2. Conceptual units larger than words225
3. Conceptual replication230
3.1 Replication through the indefinite article231
3.2 Replication through the definite article234
4. Special cases: novel conceptualizations and formulae236
4.1 Unique but not the only one236
4.2 Nationality nouns237
4.3 Collective nouns239
4.4 (The) sandflats243
4.5 Oak245
4.6 Only one Himalaya(s)245
4.7 A British Isles; a United Nations246
4.8 Viewing modes in analogies and blends248
4.9 A temporal-plus-cognitive viewpoint251
5. Final word252
4.10 The–nil contrast neutralized252
Conclusion255
References259
Index of names279
Thematic index285

Introduction

Thecognitivegroundingoflanguageingeneralandspeciﬁcallyoftheuse

ofarticlesrequiresthatoneextendstheunderstandingoftheterm’setymology.

ArticlecomesfromLatinarticulus,smalljoint’(artus+diminutivesufx-culus),

ultimatelyfromProto-Indo-European*ar-tu-,from*ar-,ﬁttogether’.Theterm

ﬁtsverywellwiththeAncientGreekideaoflinguisticstructureas“articu-

lation”

,inthesenseofajointedstateorformation,andanaphoricwordsas

“joints”whichlinkthevariouselementsofthestructure(Bühler1990[1934]:

349).However,aswillbeillustratedintheanalysis,thefunctiondoesnotonly

pertaintolinkingtheelementsforthepurposeoftextualcoherencebutalso

tothewaytheylinkwhatisbeingtalkedaboutwithhowitistalkedabout.

Ultimately,thelinkreachesdeepintothecognitiveprocessesofthespeaker

andhowthatspeakeroperatesmentallyinrelationtothementalobjectheor

sheisdealingwith.

Itishopedthatbycombiningthetheoreticalpresentationwiththeanaly-

sis,thebookwillrevealthehugepotentialdormantinVT.Ibecamemore

andmoreawareofthepotentialoverthecourseoftime,eversincemyﬁrst

encounterwithitinthelate1990s.Iowetheencounter,throughreading,to

HenrykKardela.Then,atthe6

InternationalCognitiveLinguisticConference

inStockholm,1999,cameapersonalencounterwithRobertMacLaury.Sadly,

thescholarpassedawayshortlybeforeanotherconference,wherehewasto

giveaplenarylecture,ProgressinColourStudies,inGlasgow,UK,2004.Over

theyearsinbetween,however,weexchangeddozensofe-mailsdevotedtoVT;

Ialsobecameacquainted,thoughe-mailorpersonalcontact,withseveralother

VTresearchers,notablyKeithAllan.Withoutthehelpandpersonalguidance

ofVT’soriginator,understandingtheintricaciesofthetheoryandapplying

ittolanguagedataprovedchallenging,thankstoKeithandmanyothercol-

leaguesithasalsobeenrewarding.

Afewwordsofexplanationareinorderastowhyitistheuseofarticles

thathasbeenchosenasthetestinggroundforVantageTheoryanditsexten-

sion.Whileitmaybetruethatpotentiallyallaspectsofgrammarinvolvethe

notionsofviewpoint(recallthetitleofMaturana1987:“Everythingsaidissaid

byanobserver”),therearesomethatoferanespeciallyfertilegroundinthis

respect.InEnglish,theseincludetheuseoftenses,wordorder(ine.g.clefting,

pseudo-clefting,inversion)ormarkersofmodality.Articlesdoubtlessbelongto

thegroup:theirusehasbeenanalysedfromthelogical,functional,pragmatic

etc.angles(cf.Chapter3here)anditseemsthatwhilealloftheseapproaches

ofercrucialinsights,nonecandosowithoutleavinggapsforotherstoﬁll.

Thisisespeciallyconspicuousinthecaseofnovel,original,surprisingand

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