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1.6.Otheradvantagesofapplyingcognitivelinguisticsinthe
investigationoftheRV
ApplicationofcognitivelinguisticintheinvestigationoftheRVallowsusto
seetheconceptualorderlyingbehindtheapparentchaosofitslinguisticexpressions
whichjuxtaposesandcombinesapparentlydisparatewordsandexpressionsandwhich
puzzledmanyscholarseventhosewhocontributedsomuchtotheunderstanding
andexplanationofÇgvedicstyle39.
AccordingtoGonda(1975:248–249)manyexpressionsoftheRVwhichwecould
interpretasmetaphoricalare‘ratherstatementsofanequalizationsorassimilation’and
expressbeliefsinidentitybetweenvariouselementsofreality,suchas‘objectandits
sourceormaterialcause’.Oberlies(1999:65–66)inhisdiscussionofidentifications
ofSomawithvariouslivingbeings,phenomenaandobjectsemphasisesspecifically
thewidecontextofthehymnsofSomawhichallowsthepoettoharmonisevarious,
oftenopposing,concepts.Inafootnote,hereferstothetheoryofStellvertretung,
proposedbythestructuralisticliteraryapproach,whichconsistsinassigninganew,
modifiedandenlargedsignifiants(insteadacommonone)toasignifićonthebasisof
theirmutualmembershiporbeingapart,oranalogy.However,hedoesnotelaborate
onthisandneitherdoesheusethistheoryinhisanalysis40.Jamison(2007:109)
explainsthedifficultstyleoftheRVbytensionbetweenconstraintsontheÇgvedic
poets(therulesoftraditionalpoetryanditstightconnectionwithritual)andtheir
wishtocreatenewcompositions:becausecommonknowledgewassharedbythe
poetsandtheirrecipients,‘thepoethadwidelatitudetovaryhistreatmentofthese
materialsandindeedtopushhislanguagetotheveryedgeofintelligibility’.
Thetheoryofconceptualmetonymyandmetaphorallowsustoexplainthe
specificstyleoftheRVasreflectingconventionalconceptualoperationswhichmake
itpossibletoconceivevariousphenomena,toreasonaboutthem,toclassifythem
inconsistenthierarchiesandsoon.WhentheÇgvedicpoetusesawordfor‘cow’
toexpress‘milk’or‘thedawn’,hedoesnotexpresshisbeliefintheiridentityas
Gondasupposed(thiswouldevenbeimprobable,takingintoaccounthiseveryday
lifeexperienceasacowherd).Onthecontrary,inthiswayheevokesconceptual
mappings:themetonymicone(CowForMilk)andthemetaphoricone(DawnIs
ACow).Themetonymicmappingallowshimtounderstandtherelationshipbetween
cowanditsmilkwhichcanbeseenintermsofrelationshipbetweenWholeand
Part.Itactivatesascenarioofthemilkingofacow,whichallowshimtohighlight
theroleofmilkasthemostsalientfeatureofthecow.Themetaphoricmapping
enablesthepoettoreasonabouttheappearanceofdawnlight,whichisaprocess
39
ForBergaigne(1935–1937)theÇgvedicstyleis‘ungalimatias’,Oberlies(1999:XI)callsit
a‘Dschungel’inwhichweshouldlookforapath.Cf.Nicholson2002:32–33,aboutthestyle
ofthebrfihmanas,cf.Smith1989:32.
40
Fordiscussionofidentificationsinthebrfihmanicthought,cf.Smith1989,Wezler1996.
42
