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Thecomponentsofkinanthropometricdiagnosisare:
1.Thepopulationtobemeasured.
2.Thebiologicalcharacteristicstobemeasured.
3.Theinstrumentstotakethemeasurements.
4.Standardizationofmeasurementsandmethods.
Regularbodymeasurementsformthebasisfortherecruitmentand
selectionofathletesfordifferentsports.Inteamsports,theyalsofacilitate
theassignmentofplayerstospecificfieldpositions.Finally,withthehelp
ofsystematicbodymeasurementsofchildren,adolescents,andadultsin-
volvedinprofessionalsports,itispossibletoassesstheimpactofphysical
exerciseonthespeedofdevelopmentandchangesoccurringinthebody
anditsindividualcomponents.
Basedonanthropometricstudies,sportsanthropologistshaveiden-
tifiedthecharacteristicsofthebodystructureofrepresentativesofvarious
sports.ThemostthoroughanalysiswasmadebytheEnglishscientist
JohnTanner(1964),whopublishedapaper“BodystructureofanOlympic
athlete”.Theauthorcametotheconclusionthatathletesofdifferentsports
haveaspecificbodystructure.Muscletissuecanbechanged,whilethe
proportionsoftheskeletonareconstant.Betterguidancewhenchoosing
asportsspecializationisprovidedbymodelsofsomaticdevelopment.
Insportsanthropology,thereisanotherlineofresearchinlearning
aboutathleticaptitudes.Sportsaptitudeisassessedbasedondifferentia-
tionintosomatotypes.Somatotypechangesduetophysicaldevelopment
requireamuchlongertimetoobserveindividualdevelopment.
Bodystructureisoneofthedeterminantsofsportsperformanceat
thehighestlevel.Morphologicalfeaturescanbeoneoftheimportantse-
lectionfactors.Asaresultofastudyofathletesselectedinvarioussports,
asignificantrelationshipwasshownbetweenbodystructureandachieve-
mentofhighsportsperformance.Intheanalysisofmorphologicalcharac-
teristics,certaincharacteristicproportionswereobserved,thedirection
andintensityofwhicharecloselyrelatedtothesportpracticed.Ifacertain
typeofbodybuildisfoundinthemajorityofathletesrepresentingapartic-
ularcompetition,theseproportionscanbeconsideredtofacilitatepractic-
ingcertainmovementpatterns.
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