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3.Judiciary
43
into:districtcourts,regionalcourtsandappealcourts.Currently,inPolandthereare
11appealcourts,45districtcourtsand321regionalcourts.
JudgesofthecommoncourtsareappointedbythePresidentoftheRepublicofPo-
landatthemotionoftheNationalCounciloftheJudiciaryforanindefiniteperiod
oftime.JudgesinPolandareindependentandgovernedsolelybytheConstitution
andstatutes.
InthePolishcourtsystemtherearenoseparatecommercialcourts.Commercialcas-
esarehandledbythecommercialdivisionofacourtofgeneraljurisdiction.The
courtsofgeneraljurisdictionaredividedintodivisions,dependingonthetypeof
casestheyhandle(e.g.civildivision,commercialdivision,commercialdivisionofthe
NationalCourtRegister,landandmortgageregisterdivision,employmentdivision
alsocalledlabourcourt,familydivisionandbankruptcydivision).
Source:AdaptedfromthewebsiteofthePolishMinistryofJustice
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
CourtsofgeneraljurisdictionaregovernedsolelybytheActonthesystemof
courtsofgeneraljurisdiction.
TheConstitutionoftheRepublicofPolandenliststwotribunals.
Courtproceedingsalwaystakeplaceinamaximumoftwoinstances.
InPoland,thereare376courtsofgeneraljurisdiction.
Courtsofgeneraljurisdictionhandlecommercialcasesifrequired.
T/F
Exercise2.ThecourtsysteminPoland
Fillinthetablebymatchingthebeginningsofsentenceswiththeirendings.Insome
casesmorethanoneendingispossible.
1.
2.
Districtcourt
Regionalcourt
Typeofcourt
actsasacourtoffirstinstance...
covers...
hears...
issplitinto...
actsasacourtofsecondinstance...
hearscasesinthefirstinstance...
covers...
issplitinto...
