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Managementtriumvirateinprocessesofcorporaterenewal
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atermofso-called“corporateentrepreneurship”wascreated,whichreferstoforming
apotentialofconstantdiscovering,andusingnewopportunitiesonallthelevelsof
organizationalstructure.Summarizingtheentrepreneurialrole,itisworthhighlighting
thattheliteratureonthissubjectacknowledgesthefactthatitisperformedbothin
smallandinbigcompanies;moreover,thatithappenstobeperformedsimultaneously
bydifferentpeopleondifferentlevelsoforganizationalhierarchy.Entrepreneurial
peopleintheirattitudestowardsauthoritiesandstructures,especiallyhierarchical,
showtheneedforunderminingthoseauthorities;andontheotherhand,theytake
initiativeandshowtendencyforundertakingriskyactions.Intheperspectiveof
transference,anentrepreneurhasagreatchanceofbecominganobjectofverystrong
andextremeemotionsexperiencedbyco-workersandsubordinates.Ontheonehand,
theycanarousetheiradmiration,embodythelongingforeverythingthatisunknown
andinaccessible,andthusthemoreidealizedandattractive.Theycanarousestrong
feelingsofenvy,rageanddisappointment,especiallyamongpeople,whomoreorless
consciouslylongfortheGreatandUnavailableFather’sAuthority.Thelack,onthe
sideofanentrepreneur,ofinterestintheshownadmirationorenvymakethemeven
moreattractive,sustainingthetransferentialfeelingsofsubordinates.
4.2.Leadershiprole
Toorganizeourdiscussion,wefirstproposereferringtothedefinitionofYukl[2009],
accordingtowhom,leadershipisaprocessofinfluencingotherssothattheywould
understandandagreetowhathastobedone,andhowithastobedoneeffectively;
moreoveritisaprocessofindividualfacilitationsandcollectiveactionsservingthe
purposeofachievingacommongoal.Thekeyelementsofthisperspective,areboth
abilitytoinfluencepeopleinordertoachievegoalssetbyaleader,andtoleadto
formingacommonlysharedsetofgoalsamongallthepeopleinvolved.
Aspecificfeatureofleadersis,accordingtoKotter[2001,p.86],acharacteristic
systemofacting,whichallowsdealingwiththreemainchallengesthatleadersand
managersface.Theyincludeestablishingwhatistobedone,forminganetworkof
peopleandrelations,whichwillallowfortherealizationofthesetasks,andensuring
thatthosepeoplewillreallyexecutethetasksset.Todothat,aleaderreliesonthree
typesofactions:setingadirection,recruitingandengaging,aswellasmotivating
andinspiring.
Astheissueofleadershipfeatureshasbeenforyearsabroadfieldofresearch
intheareaofpsychology,itallowsforadeeperexplanationoftheleadershiprole
ofthetriumvirate.Itcanbeespeciallysupportedbythetheoryoftransformational-
transactionalleadership,startedinthe1970sbyBurns(see[Burns1978]).Asapartof
hisworkonthetheoryoftransformationalleadership,heidentifiedfourdimensionsof
transformationalleadership:charisma,inspiringmotivation,intellectualstimulation
andindividualizedapproach[JudgeandPiccolo2004,p.755].Charismaisdefined
bythedegreetowhichaleaderactsinawaythatcausessubordinatestoidentifywith