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Web2.0Revolution
Web2.0isthebusinessrevolutioninthecomputerindustry
causedbythemovetotheInternetasplatform,andanattempt
tounderstandtherulesforsuccessonthatnewplatform.Chief
amongthoserulesisthis:buildapplicationsthatharnessnetwork
effectstogetbetterthemorepeopleusethem.
TheabovedefinitionofWeb2.0canbeextendedbyafewrulesformu-
latedbyO?Reilly[98]:
•theperpetualbeta:softwareisnotanartifact,itisawaytoengage
withusers,
•smallpieceslooselyjoined:dataandservicesshouldbeopened
toothersforre-use,similarly,externaldataandservicesshouldbe
re-usedwheneverpossible,
•softwareabovethelevelofasingledevice:applicationsarenot
boundtospecificclientsorservers,instead,theyexistinthespace
betweendevices,
•thelawofconservationofattractiveprofits:openAPIsand
standardprotocolsdonotcontradicttheideaofcompetitiveadvan-
tage,
•dataistheIntelinside:sourceoffuturelock-inandcompetitive
advantageisnotsoftwareorhardwarearchitecture,butuser-generated
data,namespaces,andproprietaryformats.
Theaboverulesareimportantandrelevantinthecontextofthedisserta-
tion,becausetheydefineabusinessmodeltransition.Manypeopleperceive
Web2.0asasetofbuzzwords,teenagerWebapplications,andacertain
graphicdesignstyle.ThesepeoplecriticizetheentireideaofWeb2.0asbe-
ingyetanotherdot-combubble,similartotheoneofMarch,2000.Contrary
totheseclaims,inthisdissertationwewillaccepttheperspectiveadvocated
byO?Reillyetal.,thatWeb2.0definesanewqualityinsoftwareengineer-
ingandprovidesanewparadigmforapplicationdesign.Figure1.1isthe
famousmindmapofWeb2.0createdbyMarkusAngermeieranditper-
fectlysummarizesmainthemesandsubjectsofWeb2.0.Wewillstumble
uponmostofthenotionsdepictedinFigure1.1inthedissertation.Below
wediscusstherulesofWeb2.0indetailandweexplainhowtheyrelateto
theresearchpresentedinthedissertation.
Thefirstruledisqualifiessoftwareasanartifact,aby-productofsoft-
waredevelopment,butdefinessoftwareasmeanstocommunicateanden-
gagewithusers.Indeed,ausercontributioniscrucialforthesuccessof
modernsoftware.Thisrulecoincideswiththesecondrulethatencourages
openingofapplicationprogramminginterfaces(APIs)andservices,aswell
