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CHAPTER11MARKETINGCOMMUNICATIONINTHELIGHTOFINTERNETDEVELOPMENTTHEORETICAL111
thebestresults(effects)incommunicationwithrecipients(customers).Itstaskwasalso
toreachrecipientsandprovideinformationaboutproductsandbrandsthroughvarious
availablechannels.AccordingtoKitchen,Brignell,Li,KimandJones(2004),IMC
beginswithidentifyingconsumerneedsandseekingthemostappropriateandmost
effectivechannelcombinationthatcanprovideconvincingandreliableinformationto
buildrelationshipswithstakeholders.
However,itshouldbeemphasizedthatthetoolsusedintheimplementationofIMC
changewiththedevelopmentoftechnologiesandnewsolutions.AccordingtoSchultzand
Schultz(1998),thedevelopmentofIMCinacompanydependsonthelevelofitsability
toabsorbnewformsandtoolscreatedasaresultofthedevelopmentoftechnological
information.Theirconceptdoesnotpaymuchattentiontotheimportanceoffeedback
mechanismstoincludeandimproveIMCprocessesinthefuture.Thismodelwaslater
developedbyDuncanandMulhern(2004),wheretheimportanceofbidirectionalityin
marketingcommunicationwasemphasized,focusingoncreatinglong-termvalue.
Inanothermodel,Kliatchko(2008)proposedtheconceptofIMCbasedonfourbasic
pillars,whichinclude:brandstakeholders,transferredcontent,communicationchannels
anditsresults.Theresearcherplacedgreatemphasisonthetwo-wayprocessofinfor-
mationtransferandexchange,takingintoaccountmessagesandthecontenttransmitted
bythecustomer/buyer(theso-calledcustomerfocusedmodel).
AnalysisofIMCinterpretationleadstotheconclusionthatthisisaprocessinwhich
thecompanysystematicallycoordinatesmanycommunications(information)andcom-
municationactivitiesandintegratesthemintoacommon(one)mixtosendaclearand
transparentmessagetoitsrecipientsaboutthecompanyanditsproducts.Afterwards
thephaseof“hearingthevoiceflowingfromthemarket”follows.Toobtainreliable
information,manyforms,methodsandchannelsareused.Fromthisperspective,IMC
canbeconsideredasaholisticsystemthatbringstogethermanymethods,techniquesand
othermarketingactivitiesinordertoachievecommunicationeffects(Gabrielli,Balboni
2010;Turner2017).
Integrationofactivitiesincompaniesintroducedaslightlydifferentapproachcompared
totraditionalsolutionsinthefieldofcommunication(Keller2001).Fromtheperspective
oftheprocess,integrationreferstotheimplementationoftheofficialcompanypolicy,
decision-makingprocedures,responsibility,delegationoforders,andcoordinationmech-
anismsintheorganization.Thiscanbeachievedbyinvolvingemployees,customersand
otherstakeholdersintheprocess(Balmer2001),aswellasahighdegreeofcommuni-
cationbetweenthem(Schultz1999).PresentedassumptionsandactionswithintheIMC
resultfromthemainandbasicfunctionsofmarketingcommunication3.
3TheIMCconceptisalsoreferredtoinsubchapter2.3.
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