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HelenaHrehová
iontrendsandpersonalwishes,evenatthecostoflife).Universal
order,naturalorder,virtuousmodestyandmysteryoflifearepurpose-
lyprofanedandseparatedfromtheirmetaphysicalbasis.Asaresult,
therearegoodsforusidenticalwithatotalgoal.Thevalueofhuman
conscienceissubordinatetothepragmatically-hedonisticgoal;there-
fore,conscienceisnotapleasantwitnessofitsownactions.Many
peoplearesatisfiedwithlaxattitudes,abettedtoignorethevalueof
conscience,whichonlyconfirmswhatisvaluable,butalsowhatis
amoralobligation.Ifwereducehumanlifeonlytoananimalwayof
lifewithoutconscience,thereisthedangerthatpeopleandlifeitself
willbecomeabsurd.Itisthisdangerthatcreatesaseriousaxiological-
moral-legalproblemthathasnotonlycalledontheresponsibilityof
philosophers,theologiansandlawyers,butalsoextendstotheforms
andmodalitiesoflegitimatescientists,theirexperimentsandissues
relatedtohumancapabilities.
Andwecouldaskhere:Wherearethelimitsofwhatisallowed?
Whatarethefinalgoalsforhumaninterventionandwhatistheirval-
ue?Whereisthecertaintythatacreationnofnewtypeofman”(by
interferenceintohisidentity,integrityandconscience)isgood?What
happensifwestoptoacceptconscienceasavalueforlife?Ifitistrue
asithasbeenbelievedsofar,thatconscienceispartoftheautono-
mousrightsoftheperson,isitpossiblethatatraditionalnunderstand-
ingofyourself”cannowbereplacedbynewunderstandingsof,for
examplenextremesituations”(birth,dyeing,death),whichmayal-
readybeperceiveddifferently?Similarly,A.Kobylińskisaysthat:
nTheexpressionnnewrights”bothattractsandscaresoffwithitsam-
biguity.Ittemptsuswiththepromiseofadynamicdimensionofhu-
manrightswhichareconstantlycapableofrevision”1.
Andthatopensupnewquestions:Isitreasonabletobelittlethe
valueofpersonalconscienceandaccepttherelativisticviewsthat
raisepositivelawovernaturallaw?Cannaturallawinsideoftheman
getreducedtoinsignificantfeelings?DidAntigone(daughterofKing
1A.Kobyliński,TheGenesisandNatureof„NewHumanRights”,in:R.Moń,A.Ko-
byliński(eds.),Etycznewymiaryprawczłowieka,WydawnictwoUKSW,Warszawa
2009,p.135.
