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HelenaHrehová
ly)themedicalpersonnelhavetherighttorefusetoperformcertain
actswhicharenotinaccordancewiththeirconscience,forexampleto
refusetoperformabortionsundercertainspecificcircumstances.In
Norway,thedoctorornursecanpresenttotheauthoritiesofthehos-
pitalawrittennoticeofobjectionofconsciencewhentheystarttheir
employment.IntheUKundertheabortionlawof1967certainobliga-
tionsinvolvingpotentialconscientiousobjectionscannotbeimposed
onanyone(throughanemploymentcontract).InSpainitalsoapplied
topharmacists,butinpracticeitisotherwise.Hospitalspreferaloyal
doctorandhospitalattendantratherthantheonewhofollowstheright
ofconscientiousobjection.
SlovakiasignedatreatywithVaticanalongtimeago17.This
treatyregulatestheexerciseoftheconsciencereservation.Kathy
Závacká(InstituteofStateandLaw,SAV)preparedon2.05.2006an
opiniononthetreatyonconscientiousobjectionaddressedtothe
PrimeMinisteroftheSlovakRepublic(M.Dzurinda),inwhichshe
identifiedthiscontractofconscientiousobjectionasincompatible
withtheConstitutionofSR.Therighttoexercisetheobjectionof
conscienceispossibleunderthelegallawoftheSRandwithinits
limits,sotheprinciplesofparliamentarydemocracywouldnotbe
violated.ZávackápointedoutthatSlovakiawillnotbeabletoavoid
litigationbeforetheEuropeanCourtofHumanRightsandtheSu-
premeCourtoftheEUbecause–asitwasreadyin2000,2006,2009
–therightiscontrarytotheEUlaw.InSlovakia,apparentlythe
Catholicrightcannotbeappliedaccordingtothedoctrinalandethi-
calprinciples.
Whydosomanylonglegaldelaysactuallytakeplaceintheentire
EU?InthecaseofrespectforhomosexualorientationisEUmuch
moresensitivethaninthecaseofrespectfordirectconscienceto-
getherwithreason?Howisthispossible?Orperhapsisn’tthisaform
17BasicTreatybetweentheSlovakRepublicandtheHolySee(Vatican)wassigned
on24.11.2000andratifiedbytheNationalCouncil4.12.2000(present:113Members
ofParliament,for:100,against:0,abstentions:12,novotes:1).Treatywaspublished
intheCollectionofLawsundernumber329/2001.
