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Prospectsofintroducingscientificorganization...
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organizationofwork».Toourminds,itliesinthemethodandapproach
tosolvingthesameproblems,andinthedegreeofscientificvalidityofcer-
taindecisions.Theword“scientific”inthiscasemeansthatsolvingprac-
ticalproblemsoforganizationofworkshouldrelynotonsubjective,em-
piricevaluationsanddecisions,andarbitrarymethodsandpractices,but
onthecombinationofscientificandpracticalachievementsthatprovide
themostrationalandeffectiveorganizationofworkprocesses2[2,p.15].
Scientificorganizationofadministrativeworkisanongoingdynamicpro-
cessofimprovingtheformsandmethodsofwork.Scienceandtechnol-
ogydevelopconstantly,that’swhytheorganizationofworkmustdevelop
ontheirbasisaswell.Thus,thescientificorganizationofadministrative
workisaregularcreativeprocessduringwhichtheorganizationofwork
isbroughttocorrespondencewiththechangingdevelopmentconditions.
“Scientificorganizationofworkshouldbedefinedastheprocessofimple-
mentationofscientificandpracticalachievementsincreasingthegeneral
workefficiencyintoexistingorganizationofwork”3.Thefollowingissuesare
ofgreatimportanceinthisdefinition.Scientificorganizationofadministra-
tiveworkisregardedascontinuousimprovementprocess.Achievements
ofscienceandpracticesareintroducedintoexistingorganizationofwork
ensuringitstransitiontoanewhigherlevel.Thepurposeofscientificor-
ganizationofasministrativeworkistheincreaseofproductivity.Atthe
sametimethescientificorganizationofadministrativeworkprovidesnot
onlyforincreaseofproductivity,butalsoforcreatingthemostfavorable
conditionsforcomprehensivedevelopmentandappropriateuseofphysical
andspiritualforcesofahumanbeingandgrowthofhiscreativeabilities.
AsV.G.Aphanasyevstates,thescientificorganizationofadministra-
tiveworkisnotonlyatechnical,butalsoasocialproblem.Herewespeak
aboutnotjustthewaysofraisingproductivityusingmoderntechnical
andorganizationalmeans,butforemostaboutbuildingthesystemofre-
lationshipsinaworkinggroup,increasingtheinteresttowork,making
itmoreattractiveandcreative,facilitatingbothphysicalandmentalem-
ployeeefforts,strivingforworktobecomethemeansofimprovinghis
physicalandspiritualabilities4.Scientificorganizationofadministrative
work,thatiseffectivemanagement,considersthescientificrationaliza-
tionofanywork(bothmentalandphysical)inthesphereofmanage-
mentatthefirstplace.Meanwhile,thereisanideathatrationalization
ofadministrativework,thatiseffectivemanagement,ispossibleandef-
ficientonlythesphereofproduction.“Here,toourmind,thereactsthe
inertiaofestablishedviewsthatoftenmakesusbelieveintounground-
edbutusualideaanddenythegroundedbutstrangetruth.Thewhole
courseofoursocialandeconomiclifeshowsthatthemostsensiblesolu-
tiontotheproblemofscientificmanagementisnowadaysawiderange
2
B.Shumilin,Scienceandappliances—toservethepolice,“SovietPolice”1970,
Ɋ8,s.15.
3
Nauchnayaorganizationoflaborandmanagement,Moscow1965,s.29.
4
Thescientificmanagementofsociety,Vol.1,ed.V.G.Afanasyev,Moscow1967,
s.115.
