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MichałWojewoda
adaptations-areusedtohelptranssexuals.39Thirdly,thereisalotofuncertainty
astothedetailedconditionsuponwhichthelegalchangeofsexisdependent.
Thisuncertaintyisfurtheraggravatedbysomevariationsinjudicialapproachin
diferentpartsofPoland.Lastbutnotleast,analarminglegalgaphasrecently
becomeevidentinconnectionwiththediscussedissues.A2016caseofatrans
manwhoneverunderwenttheadaptationsurgeryandafterthechangeoflegal
sexdeliveredachild(actinginthemasculinerole)demonstratedthatthePolish
legalsystemisnotpreparedtodealwithsuchsituations.Thecourtfacedserious
dimcultiesdecidingwho(andinwhichsexrole)shouldbenamedasparentsof
thechildinthebirthact.40
Inthesecircumstances,itisnotsurprisingthat,foranumberofyearsnow,
continuousdemandsfortheregulationofthetranspersonssituationhavebeen
voicedinPoland.Themostactiveactorsinthisrespectare-amongothers-the
“Trans-Fuzja”Foundationandtheassociation“KampaniaPrzeciwHomofobii”
(“CampaignAgainstHomophobia”-aLGBTorganizationwithanationalreach).
Itisworthmentioning,too,thatthePolishombudsmenalsosupportedvarious
efortsthataimedatregulatingthechange-of-sexprocedures.
ThesituationoftranspersonsinPolandacquiredextrapublicityintheyear
2011whenAnnaGrodzka(atranswoman)waselectedmemberofthePolish
Parliament,beingthefirstopenlytransgenderpersonholdingthisposition.41It
wasduringherterminomcethatimportantlegislativestepsweretakenleadingto
theacceptancebytheparliamentarymajorityofanewlawinthediscussedarea.
OnSeptember15,2015theSexReconciliationAct42wasadoptedwithaviewto
finallydispellingdoubtsconcerningtheproceduresandconditionsforthechange
ofsexinPoland.43Thecornerstonesofthispieceoflegislation-which,intheend,
nevercameintoforce-maybesummedupinthefollowingpoints:
a)The2015Actenvisagedspecialproceedingsforpersonswhosesexidentity
wasdiferentfromtheirlegalsexasrecordedinthebirthact.Sexidentitywas
legallydefinedasafixedandintensivelyfeltexperienceofone’sownsexuality,
whichmaybecompliantornotcompliantwiththeperson’ssexindicatedinthe
birthact.ThetitleoftheActwasmeanttounderlinethattheissueinquestionwas
39Somedrawbacksofthecurrentlyusedinstrumentsaredescribedinsection5.4.2above.
40SeethejudgmentoftheAppellateCourtinWrocławofMarch7,2016(IACa1830/15)
commentedbyM.Boratyńska,PrawoiMedycyna2016,No.4.
41Cf.theWikipediaentryconcerningAnnaGrodzka,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_
Grodzka(lastaccessedonAugust2,2017).
42ThetextoftheSexReconciliationAct(hereinafter:“the2015Act”),asadoptedbythe
PolishParliament,canbefoundat:http://orka.sejm.gov.pl/proc7.nsf/ustawy/1469_u.htm(last
accessedonAugust2,2017).
43Ashortcommentarytothe2015ActwaspreparedbyM.Boratyńska,“Ustawa
ouzgodnieniupłciaprzygodytransseksualistówwpróżnilegislacyjnej”[SexReconciliationAct
andtheadventuresoftranssexualsinthelegalvacuum],PrawoiMedycyna2015,No.3.