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JanIwanek:Theregionalandlocalpartyinlight…
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relationshipsandthoseexistingbetweenpartiesandthestatemechanism.”
21
However,besidestheissuesregardingregionalandlocalsystems,thereis
alsotheproblemofwhetherasingle-partysystemdeservestobereferredto
assuchornot.Asmentionedbefore,regionalandlocalpartiespossessthe
conditionstooperateindemocraticsystems,whichbynatureallowsforthe
freedomofactionofpoliticalparties.IhavealsostatedthatIdonotendorse
theexclusionofillegaloranti-systempartiesfromthisgroup.Examplesof
whereregionalpartieswereexcludedaredocumented.Regionalpartieswith
aclearanti-systemnature,areeasytofind.
22
Whatdistinguishesregionaland
localpartysystemsistheirterritorialreachandtheobjectiveofthegroups
formingthemtowinpowerinregionalinstitutions.Inotherwords,thedefi-
nitionofthesesystemsshouldincludetheseadditionallevelsofrelations.
Onepossibledefinitioncouldreadasfollows:Itencompassestheentirespec-
trumofrelationshipsbetweenthepoliticalpartiesactiveintheregionorthe
localcommunity,therulesofpoliticalcompetitionbetweentheparties,the
processofcommunicationwiththecommunitiesoftheseterritorialgovern-
ments,aswellastherelationshipsbetweenthesepartiesandtheterritorial
publicauthorityinstitutions.
9.Theproposalpresentedabovecanbeusedonlyincombinationwiththe
previouslymentionedremarksabouttheconceptofaparty,andespecially
withthepoliticaltheoryrequirements.Afterall,itisatthelocallevelthat
wecanfindorganisationswhichdonotpossessthestatusofapoliticalparty.
Itisalsoworthrememberingabouttherelationshipsbetweenpartiesandthe
regionalandlocalauthorities.Quiteoften,regionalauthoritiesarerespon-
siblefordefiningthelegalrules
23
,whereaslocalauthoritiesareresponsible
formanyissuesrelatingtotheorganisationofelectionsandtheirexecution.
Thespecificrulesofpoliticalcompetitionarealsoimportant,given,e.g.,the
strongarticulationofregionalandlocalinterestswhichfrequentlystandin
contrasttothenationalviewpoint,oronaccountoftheterritorialdifferen-
tiationoftheseorganisations.Inconsequence,thereisaverybroadand
complexspectrumofpoliticalrelationswithinterritorialgovernmentbodies
whichconstitutesaveryinterestingsubjectofresearchinthefieldofpolitical
sciences.
21
K.A.Wojtaszczyk:Współczesnesystemypartyjne.Warszawa1992,p.8.
22
TheBasquegroupHerriBatasunawasbannedin2003,andtheIrishSinnFeinoften,
initshistory,playedananti-systemrole.Furthermore,theoptiontobanpartiesgivesriseto
thepossibilityoftheexistenceofanillegalparty.
23
Forexample:theroleofstatelegislaturesintheUSAontheelectionlaworthelegisla-
tiveroleofthecommunityparliamentsinSpain.
