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ANNALEWANDOWSKA,ROBERTPATER,ŁUKASZCYWIŃSKI
1.Introduction
Innovationandcompetitivenessofcountriesandregionshaveacquiredaspe-
cialstrategicimportance.Polandisoneoftheleastinnovativecountriesinthe
EuropeanUnion.InlinewiththeEUstrategy,theprospectsforfurtherdevelop-
mentdependontheabilitytoraisethelevelofinnovationbyinstitutionalincen-
tivesinalltheMemberStates.Inconsequence,theresponsibilityforcreatingthe
conditionsforinnovation-drivengrowthhasfallenupontheRegionalAuthorities
-theyrespondedbyformingRegionalInnovationStrategies.ARegional
InnovationStrategy,basedonthediagnosisoftheregion’sinnovationpotential,
definesthestrategicobjectivesoftheinnovationpolicy.Itindicatesasequence
ofactionsandtasksnecessarytoboosttheregion’sinnovativedevelopment.
ARegionalInnovationStrategyaimstobuildanefectivesystemofsupporting
innovationintheregion.Itisatoolforsupportingregionalandlocalauthorities
instimulatingtheregion’sinnovationcapacity,andisaddressedtoallparticipants
oftheregionalinnovationsystem,i.e.:science,R&D,industry,theeducationsys-
tem,finance,organisationsbringingtogetherentrepreneursandbusiness-related
institutionsandregionalauthorities.Regionalinnovationstrategiesare,conse-
quently,thebasisforbuildingefcientregionalinnovationsystems.ARegional
InnovationSystemisasystemofentities,interactionsandeventsthat,asaresult
ofsynergy,arecreatedinaspecificterritoryandincreasetheabilitytocreate,
absorbanddifuseinnovationsintheregion.RegionalInnovationSystemshave
providedfortheimplementationofmanyactivitiesfinancedfromtheEuropean
Funds(withinbothfinancialperspectives2007-2013and2014-2020).
Thelevelofinnovationisregion-specific(PaterandLewandowska,2015;
Buergeretal.,2012).Ononehand,itisrelatedtotheavailabilityandnumberof
localinstitutionalincentivesaswellaslimitationsinthegeographicalpenetration
ofknowledge(Greunz,2003).Ontheotherhand,thediferencesresultfromthe
diferent“quality”or“efciency”ofRegionalInnovationSystems.Thelevelof
innovativeoutputisdiferenteveniftheinputsareidentical(Bai,2013;Fritsch
andSlavtchev,2011).Therefore,fromthepolicyperspective,thecrucialeforts
focusonthecreationofanadequatebusinessclimatethatpromotesspontaneous
innovation.Sinceknowledge-basedeconomyissubjectedtoconstantstructural
changesinducedbytechnology,governmentsshouldprovideaquickinstitutional
response.Thismeansconstantmonitoringandadjustingoftheexistingstrategies
forbusinessontheregionallevel.
Mostofthestudiesonregionalinnovationsystemsingeneralrefertoideal
typesortypologiesoftheinstitutionalnexusorbarrierstoinnovativegrowth.So
far,therehavebeenveryfewattemptstodealwiththedevelopmentoftheinsti-
tutionally-drivenRegionalInnovationSystems.Itisthereforenotshockingthat
thepioneeringresearchinthatfieldconductedbyDoloreuxandDionne(2008)
concludesthatfurtherresearchwouldfillthegapsinknowledgeabouttheefec-
tivenessofRegionalInnovationSystems.Ourresearchaddressesthatsuggestion
andprovidesempiricalfindingsonwhetherthissystemimprovestheinnovative-
nessoffirmsinthePodkarpackieregioninPoland.
