Treść książki

Przejdź do opcji czytnikaPrzejdź do nawigacjiPrzejdź do informacjiPrzejdź do stopki
CHAPTERONE
THEPUBLICORDERIN
REPUBLICANROME
Eachstatehastoprotectitscitizensagainstviolenceandensure
avastlycomprehendedorderandpublicsecurity.Itisoneofits
fundamentalduties.TroughoutthelonghistoryofancientRome,
thisdutywasperformedinvariousways.Teresponsibilityforits
fulfillmentlaywithallthemagistrates,althoughnottothesameex-
tent.Alongwiththesystemicchangeswhichoccurred,theforces
responsibleforpreservingthepublicorderweretransformingas
well,especiallyasregardsthedetailsoftheirorganization.During
theLateRepublic,thefreedomofRomanauthoritieswaslimited
bythelegalbanagainstthearmystayingwithinthebordersof
Romejthenametropolisofalmostamillioninhabitants.1Tere-
fore,policeformationsofamilitarynaturewere(atleastofcially)
excluded.Tisrulewasconsideredthebasisofpoliticalfreedom.2
ItwasexpressedinthebestmannerbyCicero,whoinoneofhis
PhilippicscommentedontheactivitiesofMarkAntony:3
Quidvero?quodincontionedicereaususestse,cummagistra-
tuabisset,adurbemfuturumcumexercitu,introiturumquo-
1Seebelow,pp.37f.
2Gell.NA10.15.3-4,15.27.5;Varr.RR3.2.4.Freis(1967)3;Nippel(1984)20&n.2,cf.29
&n.105;(1988)11-12;(1995)4.
3Cic.Phil.5.21,trans.W.C.A.Ker.
1