Tell Arbid

Anna Smogorzewska

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-235-4098-4

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Warszawski

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

475

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Bibliografia:

Smogorzewska, Anna. Tell Arbid. Red. . Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019, 475 s. ISBN 978-83-235-4098-4

Bibliografia refWorks:

RT Book, Whole

SR Electronic(1)

A1 Smogorzewska, A.

T1 Tell Arbid

PB Uniwersytet Warszawski

PP Warszawa

YR 2019

SN 978-83-235-4098-4

Bibliografia BibTex:

@Book{ 213853, author = "Smogorzewska, Anna", editor = "", title = "Tell Arbid", publisher = "Uniwersytet Warszawski", year = "2019", address = "Warszawa", isbn = "978-83-235-4098-4" }

Bibliografia endNote:

TY - BOOK

AU - Smogorzewska, Anna

ED -

TI - Tell Arbid

PB - Uniwersytet Warszawski

CY - Warszawa

PY - 2019

SN - 978-83-235-4098-4

ER -

Netografia (standard APA):

Smogorzewska, Anna. Tell Arbid [baza danych online] Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 2019 [dostęp: 05 07 2024]. Dostęp w Ibuk Libra: https://libra.ibuk.pl/reader/tell-arbid-anna-smogorzewska-213853.

Syria, house, pottery, Tell Arbid, garncarstwo, household archaeology

Przedstawione w publikacji wyniki badań archeologicznych w jednej z dzielnic mieszkalnych na stanowisku Tell Arbid dostarczyły nowych danych na temat jednego z kluczowych momentów w rozwoju Syryjskiej Dżeziry (EJZ2–EJZ3, 2550–2350 p.n....

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ISBN/ISSN:

978-83-235-4098-4

DOI:

Wydawnictwo:

Uniwersytet Warszawski

Rok wydania:

2019

Liczba stron:

475

XML:ISBN/ISSN:

ONIX MARC21

Preface7
1.1 Location and natural setting9
Chapter 1. Geographical context and archaeological evidence9
1.2 Occupation history12
1.3 Research history14
Chapter 2. Area D. Methodology and stratigraphy15
3.1 Materials and techniques17
3.1.1 Mudbricks17
3.1.2 Mudbrick patchwork17
3.1.3 Wall and floor coating17
Chapter 3. Architecture17
3.2 Street and doorways18
3.2.1 Street18
3.2.2 Doorways19
3.3 Architectural units21
3.4 House concepts in the Syrian Jezirah. EJZ 2-EJZ 3 periods72
3.5 House concepts in Area D. Late EJZ 2-EJZ 374
3.6 Houses in the economic and social context77
3.7 Storage and crop processing facilities78
3.8 Domestic features83
4.1 Pottery classification103
4.1.1 Pottery morphology103
Chapter 4. Pottery103
4.1.2 Technological classification104
4.1.2.1 Fabric104
4.1.2.2 Method of manufacture104
4.1.2.3 Secondary forming techniques107
4.1.2.4 Surface treatment107
4.1.2.5 Firing107
4.1.2.6 Color108
4.1.2.7 Pottery tools110
4.2 Technological classes of pottery110
4.2.1 Fine ware110
4.2.1.1 Technological groups111
4.2.2 Common ware112
4.2.2.1 Technological groups112
4.2.3 Coarse ware112
4.2.3.1 Technological groups113
4.3 Pottery types113
4.3.1 Fine ware bowls113
4.3.1.1 Morphological types113
4.3.1.2 Fine ware bowls by phase120
4.3.1.3 Function121
4.3.2 Fine ware jars122
4.3.2.1 Morphological types122
4.3.2.2 Fine ware jars by phase126
4.3.2.3 Function126
4.3.3 Common and coarse ware bowls127
4.3.3.1 Morphological types127
4.3.3.2 Technology128
4.3.3.3 Common and coarse ware bowls by phase129
4.3.4 Common and coarse ware jars129
4.3.4.1 Morphological types129
4.3.4.2 Technology131
4.3.4.3 Common and coarse ware jars by phase132
4.3.4.4 Function132
4.3.5 Special types133
4.3.5.1 Pot stands133
4.3.5.2 Strainers135
4.3.5.3 Decantation vessel136
4.3.5.4 Ladle136
4.3.5.5 Double-mouthed pot136
4.3.6 Kitchen Ware137
4.3.6.1 Morphological types137
4.3.6.2 Technology139
4.3.6.3 Kitchen Ware by phase141
4.3.7 Metallic Ware142
4.3.7.1 Morphological types143
4.3.7.2 Metallic Ware by phase144
4.3.8 North-Mesopotamian Grey Ware144
4.3.9 Euphrates Banded Ware145
4.3.10 Jezirah Burnished Ware146
4.3.10.1 Morphological types146
4.3.10.2 Technology149
4.4 Rims, bases and appendages150
4.4.1 Fine ware bowl rims150
4.4.2 Fine ware jar rims151
4.4.3 Common and coarse ware bowl rims152
4.4.4 Common and coarse ware jar rims152
4.4.5 Pot stand rims153
4.4.6 Kitchen Ware rims153
4.4.7 Bases153
4.4.8 Appendages154
4.5 Decorative motifs155
4.6 Pottery in Phases A-D (late EJZ 2-EJZ 3 periods). Main trends and types159
4.7 Chronological observations in pottery development (Phases A-D)163
Plates166
Tables392
Chapter 5. Burials409
6.1 Stone tools419
Chapter 6. Sm all finds419
6.2 Lithics424
6.3 Zoomorphic and anthropomorphic figurines424
6.4 Glyptic431
6.5 Beads and pendants433
6.6 Spindle whorls435
6.7 Needles and pins436
6.8 Tokens436
6.9 Metal objects436
6.10 Model vehicles437
6.11 Model wheels438
6.12 Pierced pottery discs438
6.13 Pottery scrapers443
Chapter 7. Subsistence economy445
Chapter 8. Conclusions449
References452
List of figures and tables466

Chapter1

Geographicalcontextandarchaeologicalevidence

Deciduousoak-rosaceaewoodland

Oak-rosaceaeparkwoodland

JebelAbdel-Aziz

TellBeydar

TellChagarBazar

TellMelebiya

HASSEKE

TellMozan

Khabur

TellBderi

TellRadShaqrah

TellBrak

TellArbid

QAMISHLI

TellBarri

TellHamidiya

Pistachio-almondwoodlandsteppe

TellLeilan

TellMuhammadDiyab

JebelSinjar

TellHamoukar

100km

Tigris

Fig.1.3VegetationintheUpperKhaburregion.(Source:AfterHillman2000)

(Wilkinson2003;Courty1994).Ingeneral,thecli-

mateconditionschanged,withwetanddryphases

occurring.Theearly-tomid-Holocenewasmore

humid,afterwhich1inthelaterpartofthe3rd

millenniumBC—therewasaphaseoflate-Holo-

cenearidification,evidentespeciallyinthefinal

quarterofthemillennium(Hole1997;Wilkinson

2002a;Deckers,Riehl2007a).

Nowadays,theKhaburriverbasinhaspoor

vegetationandhasbeenlargelyconvertedintoan

agriculturalarea.Itsnorthernpartisusedinten-

sivelyforcropfarming,whilethesouthernpart

hasmoresteppes.Changesinthenaturalenviron-

mentmayhavebeencausedbyclimate-related

factorsbutmostofallbyhumaninterference,in-

cludingtheovergrazingoflivestock,forestfelling

andintensiveagriculture.Aftertheintroduction

ofagriculture,itisdifficulttoseparatethecli-

mate-relatedfactorsfromthehumanimpacton

theenvironment(Mooreetal.2000:84).Today,

theKhaburriverbasinisalmostdevoidoftrees.

Onlysomeareas,includingJebelAbdal-Aziz,are

stillcoveredwithwoodlandsteppe(mostlyPista-

cia).Intheearly-andmid-Holocene,Jezirahseems

tobemuchgreenerandmoreforestedthaninthe

lateHolocene,i.e.intheperiodfollowing2000BC

(Wilkinson2003:103).Reconstructionshaveitthat

intheearlyHolocene,partoftheJezirah,including

asignificantportionoftheUpperKhabur,inthose

areaswheretherainfallexceededca.350mmper

annum,mayhavebeencoveredwithdeciduousoak

parkwoodland(Hillman2000)[Fig.1.3].Suchveg-

etationmaybereconstructedforTellArbid,located

inthisregion.Indeciduousoakparkwoodlands,

oakalternateswithgrasslandareasandislessdense

incomparisonwiththedensedeciduousoak-rosa-

ceaewoodlandsofthenorth,intheareawherethe

annualrainfallexceeds400mm.Intheareaslocat-

edfarthersouth,whererainfallis200-350mmper

annum,therewasaterebinth-almondsteppe(pis-

tachio-almondwoodlandsteppe)whichincluded

drought-tolerantpistachiotrees,shrubbyalmonds,

cherries,andhawthorns(Hillman2000:Fig.2.6).

Thebanksofthewatercourseswerecoveredwith

ariverineforestwithcharacteristicspecies,includ-

ingwillow,poplar,tamarisk,ash,reed,alder,plane,

oleasterorelm(Zohary1973).

Comparedtothepresent-daysituation,oak

woodlandgrewmuchfarthersouth(asfarasTell

Brak)intheperiodbetweenthe4thmillennium

BCandMedievaltimes,whichisconfirmedbythe

findsofarchaeobotanicalremainsinarchaeological

PAMMonographSeries9

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